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題 名 | 廢棄菇類木屑堆肥應用於洋香瓜育苗介質之評估=Assessment of Mushroom Waste (Sawdust) Compost as Muskmelon Seed-Sowing Media |
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作 者 | 張明暉; 向為民; 簡宣裕; 黃維廷; | 書刊名 | 中華農業研究 |
卷 期 | 46:1 1997.03[民86.03] |
頁 次 | 頁60-69 |
分類號 | 435.261 |
關鍵詞 | 廢棄菇類木屑堆肥; 洋香瓜育苗介質; 介質理化性質; Mushroom waste (sawdust) compost; Muskmelon seed-sowing media; Physical and chemical properties; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究以廢棄木耳、鮑魚菇木屑堆肥及本所堆積腐熟之廢棄金針菇木屑堆肥為洋 香瓜育苗介質,根據其理化性,評估其應用於洋香瓜育苗介質之可行性;另以廢育棄金針菇 木屑堆肥及粉碎稻殼為主材料,調配不同混合比例之洋香瓜育苗介質,並同進口培養土於春 、秋作進行育苗,比較瓜苗乾物重之差異。除此,並調查秋作瓜苗定植後植株之生育情形。 本研究所得結果顯示如下: 1. 廢棄木耳、鮑魚菇木屑堆肥經添加展濕劑及肥力調整之後, 雖可用作洋香瓜育苗介質, 但其極有效水分含量偏低、灌溉次數須較頻繁,又其質地細緻,遇水後黏著,再濕性不良, 即乾掉後收縮不易復原,管理不易,實非理想介質;而廢棄金針菇木屑堆肥保水力略低但 通氣性良好,又其水溶性銨態氨、磷、鉀、鎂含量豐富; 惟電導度甚高( EC= 5.4 ds/m; 介質:水 = 1:5 ( w/w ), 水溶性鈣含量遠低於進口培養土,而該瓜苗葉片分析,鈣含 量亦較以進口培養土育苗者低;幼苗期新葉時而出現缺鐵黃化變小現象。經肥力調整後,可 適用於洋香瓜育苗。 2. 廢棄金針菇木屑堆肥添加 20% 或 40% 粉碎稻殼; 此介質 1 公升,混以 5 克碳酸鈣及 5 克硫酸亞鐵,瓜苗乾物重均較以純廢棄金針菇木屑堆肥育苗者增加,達 5% 顯著差異水準 ,可與以進口培養土育苗者相較,且秋作瓜苗定植後,植株明顯比以進口培養土育苗者健壯 。 |
英文摘要 | Mushroom production in Taiwan has generated tremendous volume of spent mushroom composts. Attempts were made trying to reutilize those composts, including recycling use as seed-sowing media the feasibility was first assessed based on the determined physical and chemical properties of the composts. Plug systems were applied to compare the effects of various media (with different ratios of rice hulls added) on the nursery growth of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus Naud) in spring and autumn seasons. The experimental results are summarized as follows: 1.Waste composts for growing Jew's ear and oyster, with fertility corrected and wetting agents added, were sparingly satisfactory as muskmelon seed-sowing media. But its easy available water was still low, demanding frequent irrigation during nursery management.Because of fine texture and poor rewtting nature, the media became sticky when wet and irreversible when dry. These composts were practically not ideal media for seed-sowing of muskmelon. The media prepared from the waste winter mushroom composts had better aeration. It contained abundant amounts of water soluble NH �� -N、 P、K and Mg. EC value was high (5.4ds/m, 1:5w/w). Water soluble Ca was lower as compared to that of the imported media tested. Leaf Ca of muskmelon seedlings was generally low. There was iron chlorosis in new leaves emerged after cotyledons. Through proper fertility correction such as adding CaCO �� and FeSO ��, The media were still suitable for muskmelon seedling cultivation. 2.If muskmelon seedings were grown in winter mushroom composts blended either with 20% or 40% of milled rice hulls (V/V), with 5g CaCO �� and 5g FeSO �� added in 1 liter of media, plant dry weight of the treatments was obviously higher than the control (no rice hulls and chemicals blended).The difference was significant at 5% level. The effect of fertility corrected on muskmelon seedlings was competitive to that of imported media. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。