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題名 | 發展臺灣成為亞太海運中心的兩大難題--碼頭工人與兩岸通航問題=Two Problems with the Establishment of an Asia-Pacific Ocean Shipping Center in Taiwan--The Dockworkers Employment and Cross-Strait Shipping Problems |
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作者 | 吳榮貴; Wu, Younger; |
期刊 | 經社法制論叢 |
出版日期 | 19970100 |
卷期 | 19 1997.01[民86.01] |
頁次 | 頁115-129 |
分類號 | 557.5 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 臺灣; 亞太海運中心; 碼頭工人; 通航; |
中文摘要 | 雖然這幾年我國政府在臺灣地區極力推動發展亞太海運中心,但本文認定碼頭工 人僱用制度及兩岸通航的問題仍然是頗為兩難的內外部問題。在碼頭工人的僱用方面,政府 數十年來管制業者不得僱用未經登記之碼頭工人乃是問題之根源;再加上碼頭工人又無固定 雇主,且勞資雙方彼此依對內分配比例分配裝卸費的收入,以致不但裝卸作業效率無法滿足 航商要求,而且也阻礙了港埠民營化的效率經營及亞太海運中心之發展。未來有必要擬訂補 償辦法以推動管制之解除,回歸「勞基法」的僱傭關係。至於兩岸通航則是個政治面的問題 ,兩岸開放直航的程度決定於兩岸關係的進展。在現階段兩岸各別所轄國籍船舶仍不得互訪 的限制下,兩岸國輪公司先以第三國籍的權宜國籍船從事兩岸航運將是不得已的解決之道; 另臺灣方面進一步開放貨櫃母船亦得以境外轉運直航兩岸的措施也將有助其境外轉運中心方 案的早日實施。但無論如何,縱使未來兩岸各別所轄國輪亦可互訪,兩岸航運國內航線化而 排除外輪公司之營運將不利於臺灣亞太海運中心之發展。 |
英文摘要 | Althought the government of the Republic of China on Taiwan has been keen to develop the island of Taiwan as one of the Asia-Pacific Regional Ocean Shipping Centers, there have been two critical problems that deserve scrutiny. They are the dockworkers employment system and the Cross-Taiwan-Strait shipping problems. As to the former, the present paper identifies that the government control of dockworkers employment is the root of the problems; while no clear-cut employer-employee relationship and the adoption of an internal revenue allocation scheme reinforces the problem. It is recommended that a compensation scheme be drawn so as to facilitate the deregulation of dockworkers employment based upon the Fundamental Labor Law. With respect to the cross-strait shipping problem which is essentially a political one, it is found that those shipping companies on both coasts of the Strait should be able to assign their flag-of-convenience ships to run the cross-strait services in order to alleviate the effect of the ban on their national-flagged ships to call at each other's port under the current circumstance. In the meantime, the approach to allow large container mother ships with only transshipment containers on the trunk routes to sail directly across Taiwan Strait might remove some of the barriers to the implementation of Taiwan's offshore Shipping center policy. Even if the ban on cross-strait shipping services by national-flagged ships is lifted in the future, however, the cabotage of the cross-strait shipping services by excluding the foreign shipping lines would disfavor Taiwan's objective to establish the island of Taiwan as one of the Asia-Pacific Ocean Shipping Centers. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。