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題名 | 批發市場在農產運銷中扮演的角色=The Roles Played by Wholesale Markets in Agricultural Marketing |
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作者 | 劉富善; | 書刊名 | 臺灣農業 |
卷期 | 33:1 1997.02[民86.02] |
頁次 | 頁65-77 |
分類號 | 431.25 |
關鍵詞 | 批發市場; 農產運銷; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 批發市場是農產品運銷過程中一個非常重要的關鍵樞紐,批發交易在供應人(農民、販運商、進口商及農企業)與承批人(包括大零售商、合法攤販及大消費機構)間運作。在許多發展中國家,農民與供應人均是小的個體,零批商與零售商亦同,且食品加工並非極為普遍,因此,內外銷的主要食品大多要保持新鮮並作簡單的加工;然而蔬菜及肉類等新鮮農產品若沒有冷藏,將會在幾天內腐敗,必須儘快售出,否則農民或供應人將蒙受極大的損失。因此,如何有效地從產地運送各種不同農產品到大的集散地並將其銷售給承銷人或零批商,便成為批發市場主要的功能。在開發中國家,批發市場扮演銷售生鮮農產、家畜(肉類)及海產品的重要角色,並發揮集中、均衡及分散的三大功能。 每一種農產品通常都有各種不同的運銷方式,各種不同的農產品均有不同的運銷問題。然而,批發市場無疑地在運銷過程中扮演著非常重要的角色,因為在批發市場內,價格的形成會經由競爭來決定;由服務品質的提升,吸引買主與賣主進場交易。 臺灣的農家生產規模小,販運與零售規模也不大,許多開發中國家在未來幾十年�堙A將面臨臺灣所面臨過的問題,如何未雨綢繆儘量與擴建各類農產品市場並採用拍賣制度,讓市場價格真正由供需所決定,似將是一項重要的課題,值得大家共同重視。 |
英文摘要 | Wholesaling is a very important step in the process of distributing ag ricultural products. Essentially, the wholesalers operate between the suppliers (framers, shippers, importers, and agricultural enterprises)and the jobbers (including the bigger retailers, legal vendors, and institutional consumers). In a developing country, farmers or suppliers are a small group, so are jobbers and retailers; and food processing could not be a well. established industry. Hence, major food items either for domestic consumption or for export remain mostly in fresh form or in primitive processing form. However. fresh produces or products, such as vegetables and red meat, decay within days if without being refrigerated. They have to be sold as soon as possible, otherwise farmers or suppliers would suffer great losses. In this regard, how to bring efficiently the various products from producing areas to an assembly point and sell them to the wholesalers or jobbers is the major function of a wholesale market. In a developing country, the wholesale markets play a significant role in selling agricultural produces, livestock meat and seafoods. In sum, each kind of agricultural products is usually marketed in a number of ways. Different products have different marketing problems. Yet wholesale markets no doubt an important role in marketing, because price formaation proceeds through competition at wholesale markets. Prices are determined under the conditions of free competition in a wholesale market where many buyers and sellers get together. With small-scale farming, small-scale shipping, and small-scale retailing as in Taiwan and many other developing countries, the wholesale markets will ceriainly continue to develop and grow in the coming decades. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。