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題 名 | 簡易蒸發盆為指標之作物需水量估算=An Approach to the Coefficents of Crop Water Requirement for a Simple Evaporation Pan |
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作 者 | 林正錺; 洪瑞廷; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 176 1996.12[民85.12] |
頁 次 | 頁1-10 |
分類號 | 434.287 |
關鍵詞 | 蒸發盆; 作物需水量; 作物係數; 片曼式; Evaporation pan; Crops water requirement; Crop coefficients; Penman equation; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 土壤水分管理的適當與否在作物的生育過程中扮演著一個極為重要的角色。如何進行有效率的灌溉,減少不必要的浪費,關鍵在於建立一個適當的灌溉指標,作為農友對田間灌溉管理的依據。在當前旱作面積大量增加的情形下,發展簡易可行的灌溉指標益顯重要。 本研究擬利用自製簡易蒸發皿的蒸發量(Epan)來推估作物的潛勢蒸發散量,再應用ET=Kc×ETp一式來求得作物在生育過程所需之水分,以作為灌溉管理的依據,其中ET為作物生長之需水量,Kc為作物需水係數,ETp為作物潛勢蒸發散量。故先將簡易蒸發皿之蒸發量與片曼氏法所估算之作物潛勢蒸發散量作相關分析,得到ETp=0.692×Epan一式。再由此式與作物需水係數的乘積,即可得到由簡易蒸發皿之蒸發量為指標的作物生長需水量。根據ET與Epan關係,可進一步利用簡易蒸發盆來控制田間灌溉時節。 |
英文摘要 | There are evidences proving that the management of soil moisture plays an important role in growing crops. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency reflects the start-of-the-art in recent research of soil water management. The key point is to set up a proper indicator for farmers to manage their field irrigations. The development of a simple irrigation indicator becomes more important than ever as upland crops have largely increased in recent years. The transpiration potential of crops was estimated from the evaporation of simple evaporation pan (Epan) in this study. In addition, the equation ET=Kc×ETp was applied to determine total quantity of water consumption during the growth of crops, where Kc is the coefficient and ETp is the transpiration potential of crops. In the equation the transpiration potential of crops (ETp) was calculated from the equation ETp=0.692×Epan which was obtained by the correlation between the evaporation measured from simple evaporation pan and the transpiration potential estimated from Penman's method. With the relations between ETp and Epan, the designed simple evaporation pan could be further used for timing the irrigations in fields for different crops as long as the Kc's were provided. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。