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題名 | 「三乘五」的迷題--圖書館目錄卡片之發展及其型制標準之演進=The Three by Five Puzzle: A Survery of the Evolution of the Library Catalog Card |
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作者姓名(中文) | 宋兆霖; | 書刊名 | 故宮學術季刊 |
卷期 | 14:2 民85.冬 |
頁次 | 頁77-98+左6-7 |
分類號 | 023.4 |
關鍵詞 | 圖書館目錄; 卡片目錄; 目錄卡片; Library catalog; Catalog, card; Catalog cards; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 圖書館之源起,肇因於人類延續知識傳承之實際需求。文明的進步乃經驗與知識 的累積所致,而經驗與知識的累積往往存在於圖書館典藏之文獻圖書。作為知識與使用者之 間的橋樑,圖書館的首要任務,在於備置良善的書刊管理機制,並提供完妥的目錄檢索工具 ,以期館藏獲得充分利用。自古以來,圖書館文獻典藏與知識播揚功能之發揮,即藉由某種 型式之目錄或書目而達成。圖書目錄的歷史悠久,源遠流長,中外皆然;吾人熟知的卡片目 錄僅為其諸多型制之一。卡片式圖書目錄是十八世紀西洋文明的產物;它的出現象徵著圖書 館目錄演進史中另一波興替更迭的開始-十六世紀中葉以來即盛行的手抄式、書本式目錄自 此走向式微之途。時至今日,卡片目錄以其多元化的檢索方式,已使圖書館的館藏參閱工具 趨於完備,堪為最具時效性、使用率最高、且最易於維護更新之書目管理系統;然大眾在受 用其檢索效益之餘,可曾思及其發展歷程?長約三英吋、寬約五英吋之卡片規格如何演變? 它又如何成為全球圖書館目錄卡片之標準?本文旨在簡述卡片目錄自十八世紀以來型制標準 之演進及相關規格的發展,或可為吾輩圖書館從業人員與時常使用圖書館的人士參考。 |
英文摘要 | The library has its genesis in man's need for transmitting knowledge; the progression of civilization is realized as man continues to add to his knowledge base what he learns and discovers. More often than not, the accumulated sum of man's knowledge exists in the form of monographic records that constifute the part and parcel of the libraro. As inter mediaro, between the monographic records and the user who has a need for these resources, the library has as one of its fundamedtal responsibilities the systematic management of bibliographic records and the provision of appropriate utility for effective and speedy retrieval. Towards this end, the librarian has over the centuries been able to come up with many diverse instruments for rendering bibliographic control, a term that is generallo, used with reference to a bibiographic index or catalog. The card catalog that we know so well is one such apparatus, and its emergence in Western librarianship in the 18th century certainly ushered in a new era in bibliographic organization. Not only did it gradually replace the printed catalog that had been so popular since the 16th century, it had been embraced by an ever-increasing number of libraries and eventurally evolved into a worldwide library phenomenon. While it may not be the best bibilographic system, the card catalog has, to be sure, many positive attributes: it is fairly easy to use; it can be simultaneously consulted by many users; it provides more than one access point; it can be brought up to date quickly; to name just a few. Yet, when the library user, whether casual or frequent, fumbles through the cards and enjoys the benefits that the card catalog has to offer, has he ever paused for a moment to think about how the card catalog has become what it is today? Or, for that matter, how those 3-by-5 cards that make up the entire catalog have become what they are today? It is the purpose of this paper to examine the literature of library history, so that the evolution of the library catalog card can be outlined, in the hope that the librarian may obtain a batter understanding of his arsenal and that the interested library user may garner some background knowledge of what he has to deal with if he is to fully explore the wealth of the library. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。