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題名 | Axial Deformation as the-simpler-the-better Vehicle for Revealing the Missing Term in the Chemical Potential on Strained Surfaces=以軸向變形為「越簡單越好」的工具來顯示出在受有應變的表面上之化學勢能的失漏項 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 吳建衡; | 書刊名 | 力學 |
卷期 | 12:1 1996.03[民85.03] |
頁次 | 頁59-64 |
分類號 | 440.16 |
關鍵詞 | 表面擴散; 表面能; 化學勢能; Surface-diffusion; Surface energy; Chemical potential; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 謹以本文獻給國立臺灣大學的虞兆中教授作為祝賀他八十大壽的賀禮。虞教授在 教導中時常強調物理直覺的重要性。他在課堂上特別喜歡用 " 越簡單越好 " 這句話。 本文作者對化學勢能之興趣源自於對現在廣為熟知的由於應力所導致固體中之形態不穩定性 的研究。這種現象受到一種與化學勢能有關之表面擴散機構所控制,此一化學勢能一般認為 僅由表面能以及在表面上的容積應變能所構成。化學勢能亦為分析許多與沿著受應變表面上 的質傳有關之現象的基礎。這些理論的研究結果顯示了一個共同的、違反物理的結論,即這 些物理現象與表面上之應變能的正負關係不大。 虞教授的教導啟發我們去發現這一自 1972 年以來廣被接受、認為正確的由兩個項次所構成 的化學勢能表示式並不完全。這一發現雖被接受,但仍存在許多的懷疑。本文的目的在用一 個簡單的狀況以即使不是 " 越好 " 至少是更清楚的方式來顯示出化學勢能的完全表示式。 無可置疑的,一個環狀柱體受軸向變形是我們所能找到最簡單的例子之一。謝謝您!虞教授 。祝您生日快樂! |
英文摘要 | This paper is dedicated to Professor C. C. Yu of National Taiwan University on the occasion of his eightieth birthday. Professor Yu's teaching always stressed the importance of physical intuition and he was particularly fond of the expression "the simpler the better" in his instruction. Our interest in chemical potential began with the now well-known stress-driven morphological instability in solids. The phenomenon is governed by a surface-diffusion mechanism that is dependent on the also well-accepted chemical potential that is merely the sum of the surface energy and the surface value of the bulk strain energy. The same potential also forms the basis of analysis for many other phenomena involving mass transfer along strained surfaces. The results of such theoretical investigations reveal a common, nonphysical conclusion that the associated physical phenomena are insensitive to the sign of the surface straining. Professor Yu's teaching has led us to the discovry of the incompletencess of the two-term chemical potential that has been accepted as the exact expression since 1972. This discovery has been received with a certain amount of skepticism. Our objective in this paper is to use a simpler situation to reveal in a more transparent, if not indeed better way the full expression of the potential. The axial deformation of an annulus is undoubtedly the simplest candidate one can find. Thank you dear Professor Yu, and happy birthday! |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。