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題名 | 政治知識之認知與性別差異=Political Knowledge and Gender Difference |
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作者 | 黃秀端; | 書刊名 | 東吳政治學報 |
卷期 | 5 1996.01[民85.01] |
頁次 | 頁27-50 |
分類號 | 570.14 |
關鍵詞 | 政治知識; 性別差異; 媒體曝光理論; 社會化; 情境因素; 母性角色; Political knowledge; Gender difference; Media exposure theory; Socialization; Situation factor; Role of Motherhood; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 民眾具有充分的政治知識,被認為是民主國家中選民做政治判斷採取政治行動的先決條件。本文旨在瞭解臺灣地區民眾對於政治知識之認知以及究竟什麼因素影響選民政治知識之高低。第二部份則探討選民的政治知識是否有性別差異存在,如果有,則影響女性政治知識學習之原因河在? 根據本文研究結果,一般民眾對政治人物之認知遠高於對政治制度之瞭解。不過,在臺灣仍有近兩成之民眾,對於政治訊息毫無所悉。 教育是決定選民政治知識來源最重要的因素,其次為性別,再其次為接觸媒體程度與選舉興趣。教育使得民眾有能力與機會獲取政治資訊,接觸媒體,促進民眾對政治訊息之重視,而選舉興趣則使民眾有更高的動機來獲取政治資訊。 即使擁有同樣的學歷,對選舉有相同之興趣,同時接觸媒體時間的長短一致,女性之政治知識仍遠低於男性。因此,本文更進一步探討究竟是何種因素影響婦女政治資訊之獲得。 扮演母性角色與家庭主婦對政治知識之影響在控制教育程度與政治興趣後便消失,其影響力並不如我們預期。 社會化因素--教育--對女政治知識之提昇確實有很大的貢獻。但是即使在同樣的教育程度下,男女仍舊有別。因此,我們有必要檢討究竟是教育內容本身亦有性別差異之灌輸存在或者是社會文化本身加諸於女性的諸多限制與歧視,潛移默化的影響了婦女對政治之態度和對政治知識之攝取,可惜本文的研究無法提供此一答案,不過,省籍因素對女性之影響本身,亦隱含了文化因素的可能。 |
英文摘要 | This paper attempts to example the level of political knowledge of mass publics and what factors influence the level of political knowlege in Taiwan. The paper further investigates that if there is gender difference on the level of political knowledge, if there is difference, then what reasons influence female's political learning? According to the result of survey conducted in early 1995, average citizen's perception of political figures are quite high, however, their perception of political institutions are quite low. Education is the most important factor in determining the level of political information, sex is the second, and followed by the media exposure and political interest. Female political knowledge is significally lower than that of male, even controlling the variables of education, media exposure, and political interest. That is, there is real difference between male and female about the level of political knowledge. The role of motherhood and housewife has no significant relationship with political knowlege after controlling education and political interest variables. Education is still the most important factor in determining women's political information. But, even female with the same education level as that of male, she is still less knowledgeable than male. The content of education and social valves may be the reason for causing the difference. The result that different ethnicities of women have statistically significant different level of political information also implies the possibility of the influence of culture. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。