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題 名 | 當代哲學的思惟方法=Method of Thinking in Contemporary Philosophy |
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作 者 | 沈清松; | 書刊名 | 通識教育季刊 |
卷 期 | 3:1 民85.03 |
頁 次 | 頁61-89 |
分類號 | 128 |
關鍵詞 | 當代哲學; 思惟方法; 中國哲學; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文在檢討五十年來台灣的中國哲學發展,和主流典範崩毀下的西方當 代哲學兩大線索中,討論當代哲學的思惟方法。一方面,當代中國哲學在思惟方 法方面,主要奠定了意義理解的哲學基礎,然而較少著墨的則是結構性的解釋和 對潛意識的批判,這方面的工作仍有待補足,應可借助西方當代哲學之長。 另一方面,左西方當代哲學中,邏輯實證論、分析哲學、存在主義、現象學、結 構主義、詮釋學、批判理論、後現代主義…等等競出,並引進臺灣,不過,左西 方主流典範崩毀之際,它們皆無力擔任新的思惟典範。相反的,本文認為中國哲 學的對比典範在未來應將可取而代之。由於重視由諸對比因素和對比環節所構成 的張力、互補性與開放的整體性,對比典範將可保存自然、社會和人性自我實現 的發展動力,導向其彼此互動互依與相互協調,而避免對立、孤立或宰制。 在對比典範指導下,本文提出解釋、理解與批判三者為比較完整的思惟方法論所 必須兼顧的三個面相,此一思惟方法體系既可以在當代中國哲學中獲得啟示,也 可以在當代西方哲學中獲取開展的資具。本文認為:從對比典範出發,逐漸發展 此一思惟方法體系,或許中國哲學也能夠綜合西方哲學的優點,提供一個更完整 的思考方向。 |
英文摘要 | This paper serves as a critical introduction to the methods ofcontemporary philosophical thinking by reviewing the main focuses ofmethodology as developed out of both contemporary Chinese philosophyand Western philosophy, in special regard to their possibilities of becomingthe alternative matrix of thinking after the fall of positivist paradigm.Contemporary Chinese philosophy, as it has developed during recent 50years, has worked out some philosophical basis for the understanding ofmeaning, whereas it lacks the dimensions of explanation and critique, to beremedied by Western philosophical methodology. On the other hand, on theruin of the fallen positivist paradigm, there has appeared ContemporaryWestern philosophies such as logical positivism, system theory, analyticalphilosophy, existentialism, phenomenology, structuralism, hermeneutics,critical theory, post-modermism...etc. But none of them could serve as thealternative methodological matrix. I maintain the thesis that the Matrix of Contrast as developed byChinese philosophy could serve eventually as the Alternative meta-method.Under the direction of the Matrix of Contrast, we try to elaborate in thispaper a comprehensive philosophical methodology constituted of threemethodological dimensions; explanation, understanding and critique. Theunfolding of this philosophical method of thinking, as a methodicalarticulation of the Matrix of Contrast, could eventually synthesize all that isthe best in both Chinese and Western philosophy. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。