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題名 | 臺南四草鹽田高蹺恳繁殖生態之研究 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 陳炳煌; | 書刊名 | 東海學報 |
卷期 | 36:2(理學院) 民84.07 |
頁次 | 頁1-12 |
分類號 | 388.897 |
關鍵詞 | 高蹺恳; 繁殖序列; 繁殖成功率; 巢位選擇; 覓食棲地; Black-winged stilts; Breeding scinario; Breeding success; Nest site selection; Feeding habitat; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 高蹺[]屬於中大型的涉禽,在臺灣原被登錄為冬侯鳥或過境鳥,近年來有繁殖 的記錄,最大的族群出現在臺南四草的鹽田地區。以四草鹽田為基地的臺南科技園區的開 發計畫,經保育團體之建議保留50公頃為高蹺[]保護區。本研究的目的在於對四草區高蹺 []繁殖族群及棲地進行田野調查,瞭解其繁殖生態學的特性及棲地需求,以為研擬保育計畫 之參考。 由東海大學環境科學系生態實驗室組成的工作隊從1993年10月開始,連續一年每隔一 週前往現場調查兩天,其中1994年3∼7月因為是繁殖的高峰期則每週調查兩天。調查的項 目包括鳥隻計數、配對、築巢、孵蛋及育雛等行為的觀察,築巢範圍、巢數、蛋數之記錄 、巢位選擇、棲地之水質、土壤粒度、有機物及底棲生物的採樣和繁殖成功率之分析。調 查結果顯示調查期間最多有247隻高蹺[]在四草地區出現,二月底開始有配對行為,4月9 日開始有築巢、交配行為,4月23日發現第一個有蛋的巢並有孵蛋行為,於5月28日第一次 發現雛鳥。繁殖的高峰期在五月和六月。本次調查共發現68個巢,另有21個巢,共調查到 有136個蛋,實際測量的蛋數有58個,到繁殖期結束止,共有25隻亞成鳥繁殖成功,繁殖 成功率僅為5.4%。 幼鳥於出生後幾個小時即可由親鳥帶領,在巢附近約10公尺的範圍之內自行覓食,一 個月左右的雛鳥則可在巢附近50∼100公尺附近覓食,一個半月以上的幼鳥則可利用短距離 的飛行至500公尺左右的區域覓食。 高蹺[]偏好選擇隆起的土堆且有植被適度覆蓋之處築巢。影響繁殖成功率的因子包括 :降雨使水位上升淹沒鳥巢,野狗、老鼠和猛禽的掠食和人類的干擾等。 為保育此天然資源,政府宜雇用保育工作人員巡邏保護區,以減少干擾。並可試行在 鹽田中以人工方法增加有植被覆蓋之隆起土堆。在以最少干擾的原則下,宜加強以高蹺[] 為切入點的鹽田生態系研究。 |
英文摘要 | Black-winged Stilts (Himantopus himantopus), formerly recorded as rare winter migrants, have been found breeding in Tainan in recent year. From October, 1993 to September, 1994, a study of their major breeding population at Szu-Tsao, Tainan City, has shown that at least 247 stilts use the habital of Szu-Taso, which is mainly salt pans mixed with some fish ponds. Most breeding occurs within a 50 ha protected area. Pairing of breeding birds was first observed in late Febuary, the first nest with eggs on April 23, the first chick in May 28. A total of 89 nests was tallied of which 21 were empty. The breeding success from 136 eggs was 5.4% (25 subadult). Most of nests (60%, n=51) were found on the raised mud of islets with more than 50% grass cover. The chicks began feeding in the shallow water by the nest a few hours after hatching and rapidly expanded their feeding groumd during the first week post-hatching, accompanied or not by their parents. In June and July the Stilts gradually began to flock together and feed mainly at the fish ponds. The islets of raised mud covered by low grass and surrounded by shallow water is the preferred habitat for the breeding Stilt. The major factors affecting breeding success include the flooding of nests caused by rain, predation by wild dogs, rats and owls, and interference by human activities. For the conservation of this precious natural resource, it is suggested that a warden be assigned to patrol the protected area to prevent human interference; and that provide more raised mud islets with grass cover for nesting site, and that further study of this salt pan ecosystem be conducted. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。