查詢結果分析
來源資料
相關文獻
- 雲的選擇性濕除過程及相對移除效率
- 有機溶劑採樣中相對溼度對活性碳吸附管之影響
- 活性碳纖布浸染銅離子及其對硫化氫吸附研究
- Adhesion and Adsorption of High Energy Wetting Colloids on Low Energy Polymers: Interfacial Thermodynamics versus Electrostatic Interactions
- Adsorption and Desorption of Lysozyme and Albumin to Cibacron Blue 3GA Using Gel Beads and Membrane Discs
- 鈄紋夜蛾(鱗翅目:夜蛾科)核多角體病毒體內量產與防治效果評估
- Characterization of Pulp Bleach Effluents and Their Treatment Using Photocatalytic/Photolytic Agents
- 土壤對三種含硼陰離子的吸附與解吸
- 土壤水分境況對強酸性土壤哀磷吸著與有效性的影響
- 硫酸鹽紙漿低污染漂白法之研究
頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 雲的選擇性濕除過程及相對移除效率 |
---|---|
作 者 | 陳正平; | 書刊名 | 大氣科學 |
卷 期 | 23:2 1995.06[民84.06] |
頁 次 | 頁125-143 |
分類號 | 328.62 |
關鍵詞 | 濕除; 相對移除效率; 化學分餾; 吸附; 陷入; 淞附; Wet removal; Relative removal efficiency; Chemical fractionation; Sorption; Entrapment; Riming; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 空氣中各種微量化學物質被雲篩除而做濕沉降的程度,可以一個「相對移除效率」的觀念來做比較。這個相對移除效率將各物質受宏觀尺度控制的因素相互抵銷,而以微觀尺度的各種參數直接表示,對大尺度濕除過程的參數化上有很大的幫助。在考慮各種不同型態的降水時,相對移除效率可以微物理及化學兩類不同參數來表示。微物理參數包括液態水含量、凝結冰含量以及淞冰含量,而其相對應的化學參數則為液態的溶解度、吸附因子以及陷入因子。 以一簡單的雲物理化學模式對液態濕除效率測試後發現降水對空氣中SO₂的移除效率約與其對水的移除效率相當,對NH₃的移除效率則高約一至二個量級,而對CO₂的移除效率則約低五個量級。另一冰晶成長模式的計算顯示在SO₂的移除效率上,冰態降水較液態降水的效率低約一至二個量級。而溫度及降水的型態,如凝結冰或淞冰,對SO₂的移除效率有顯著的影響。計算結果也顯示現有的冰態化學的知識還相當不足,需要更進一步的研究。 |
英文摘要 | The filtration of atmospheric trace chemicals by clouds can be described with the concept of “relative removal efficiency.” By taking water as a reference species. this parameter makes a relative comparison of the wet removal rates of various trace species. Due to the cancellation of the macroscopic controlling factors during such a comparison, the relative removal efficiency can be represented directly by the microscale parameters and is thus quite useful for the parameterization of wet deposition processes in large-scale models. With the consideration of different precipitation forms, the relative removal efficiency can be represented by two types of parameters. The chemical parameters are the aqueous-phase solubility, sorption factor. and entrapment factor. whereas their corresponding microphysical parameters are the liquid water, depositional ice, and rime ice fractions. A simple cloud-chemistry model has been employed to study the aqueous phase removal efficiencies. It is shown that the removal of SO₂ by aqueous phase precipitation can be as effectively as that of water. For NH₃ the removal efficiency is about one to two orders of magnitude higher; whereas for CO₂ the removal efficiency is about five orders of magnitude lower. Another model is used to simulate the removal of SO₂ by an ice particle. which is allowed to acquire water mass and trace chemicals during its growth by vapor deposition and riming. The model calculations show that the removal efficiency of SO₂ by ice-phase precipitation is about one to two orders of magnitude less than that by aqueous-phase precipitation. Also, the ice-phase removal efficiency depends significantly on temperature and on the type of condensate (depositional ice or rime ice). However, our present knowledge on ice-phase chemistry is still inadequate and requires further study. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。