頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 環境問題及永續發展的全球尺度研究 |
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作 者 | 黃朝恩; | 書刊名 | 國立臺灣師範大學地理研究報告 |
卷 期 | 24 1995.10[民84.10] |
頁 次 | 頁119-170 |
分類號 | 445.9 |
關鍵詞 | 環境危機; 全球環境變遷; 生態失衡; 自然資源保育; 污染防治; 南北差異; 永續發展; 環境資源核算; 生命周期分析; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
英文摘要 | Man is both creature and moulder of his environment, which gives him physical sustenance and affords him the opportunity for all kinds of growth and development. Under such circumstances, through the rapid acceleration of science and technology, man has acquired the power to transform the environment on this planet in countless ways and on an unprecedented scale. We now realize that unless development is guided by environmental, social, cultural and political considerations, much of it will continue to have undesired effects, to provide reduced benefits or even fail together. Such unsustainable development will only exacerbate the environmental problems that already exist. We all must come to terms with the reality of resource limitations and the carrying capacities of ecosystems. Human beings must pursue plans that would not lead to conflicts over such limited resources and that would lead to sustainable development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generation to satisfy theirs. This study analyses the changes that occurred in the global environment for the past decades as well as their current situation and their spatial variation in a geographical viewpoint. It focuses not only on the state of the environment, but also on the interactions between development activities and environment. Both ultimately affect the human condition and human well-being. The paper is in four parts. Firstly, the state of the environment in a time context is discussed in order to understand the pattern and magnitude of different types of global change. Next, the relationships between human activities and their environmental impacts are examined according to various components of the Earth's environment, namely land, water, air, biotic realm, and mineral/energy supply. Representative criteria are selected to be investigated and emphasis is given to the discrepancy between countries in the world. From these analysis, we can discovered that there are good news as well as bad news, but still, it is certain that human activities continue to pose hazard as an inevitable trend. After that, the paper pinpoints at contrases of the North and the South. Despite both sides have developed certain completely different expression of their own environmental problems, all the problems are found to be linked to the development path charted by human being especially those in the first industrial nations in their search for greater material wealth. Finally, challenges and priorties for action are recommended. In short, the future prospect depends on the implementation of sustainable development. However, its goal cannot be attained without significant changes in the ways development initiatives have been planed and implemented. These changes will not come about unless there are similarly changes in peoples' perceptions of environmental issues and attitudes towards them. On the other hand, environmentally sound development plans will not succeed without public participation and a sense of individual responsibility. Futhermore, environmental problems are not restricted to national boundaries, most of them are of regional and global significance. Thus international cooperation is essential and the challenges ahead are formidable. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。