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題名 | 兒童及青少年頭部外傷:原因及特性= |
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作者 | 陳嘉玲; 黃美涓; 史麗珠; 張春琴; |
期刊 | 長庚醫學 |
出版日期 | 19951200 |
卷期 | 18:4 1995.12[民84.12] |
頁次 | 頁353-360 |
分類號 | 416.14 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 頭部外傷; 腦傷; 兒童; 青少年; 流行病學; 外傷; Head injury; Brain injury; Children; Adolescents; Epidemiology; Trauma; |
中文摘要 | 為瞭解臺灣地區兒童及青少年頭部外傷之原因,本文以回溯性研究方式整理自1985年至1989年因頭部外傷至長庚醫院住院之兒童及青少年各項資料,共得820例,將之分成4組:幼兒組(0~4歲)、兒童組(5~9歲)、少年組(10~14歲)及青少年組(15~17歲)。其中男女比為2.43:1,而又以青少年組發生率居高。就受傷的原因,以車禍為首(74%),跌倒次之(22%)。被車撞傷者只以路人最多,但青少年組則以摩托車騎士或開車者居多。因跌倒所致頭部外傷中,以高處跌倒居首,但少年組則以騎腳踏車或運動遊玩時跌倒的居多。整體而言,以戶外受傷曘多,在夏季最頻繁,且大多密集在下午。所幸大部份病童及青少年均為較輕度頭部外傷,但仍有203位為重度頭部外傷(24.8%)。其中更有81例(9.9%)為死亡或在瀕死垂危下出院,以不同的年齡層而言,死亡率在4組並沒有統計學上的差別。 |
英文摘要 | To investigate the nature of exposure factors, and effectiveness of countermeasures in head injuries in children and adolescent of Taiwan area, we conducted a retrospective study on 820 children and adolescents with head injuries consecutively admitted to Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from January 1985 to December 1989. We analyzed the data by chart review and divided the cases into four age-groups: group A (0-4 years old), group B (5-9 years old), group C (10-14 year old) and group D (15-17 years old). The boy to girl ratio was 2.43. The largest proportions of head injuries were the adolescents in group D. The most common cause of head injury was traffic accidents (74%); while the falls were contributed the main cause in other studies. In all group A, B and D, the majority of traffic accidents were pedestrian injury; while in group D, the motorcyclists or car drivers were responsible for the accidents. Fall from height was the major cause of fall in all four age-groups, but it was fall from bicycle or during play or sports in group C. injuries were most common in summer and clustered at afternoon in all patients. Majority of head injuries occurred outdoors. Most children and adolescents suffered from mild head injury, but there were still 203 cases with severe head injury (24%). Eighty-one cases (9.9%) were either discharged in critical condition or died at the hospital. There were no significant differences in mortality among four age-groups. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。