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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 兩岸宗教政策之比較 |
---|---|
作者姓名(中文) | 吳寧遠; | 書刊名 | 中山學術論叢 |
卷期 | 13 1995.06[民84.06] |
頁次 | 頁87-115 |
分類號 | 201 |
關鍵詞 | 中共; 臺灣; 兩岸; 宗教政策; Both sides of Taiwan strait; Mainland China; Religious policies Taiwan; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 宗教社會學者常由社會背景來研究一地區的宗教現象。因為他們認為宗教既為一種社會現象,因此必定與該社會的價值體糸、行為模式有關。許多的研究也顯示,神靈的形式是隨著社會的形態而變化的,其相互間密切的關係不但是互相反映,而且是互相依存的。因此社會學大師涂爾幹(Emile Durkheim, 1858-1971)認為人類社會以自己的文化類型打扮其神明,當人類朝拜神明時,人類朝拜的其實就是人類社會本身(Durkheim, 1965)。因此,宗教無法由社會抽離出來看。 由上知有什麼樣的社會背景也就會有怎樣的宗教信仰。在傳統社會,宗教制度與其他制度之間並沒有明顯的差異。每一人在民俗民德下接受同樣的宗教信仰。 但是,在現代社會中,在多元化的價值體系下,宗教只是所有社會制度之一。社會實體必須在整體利益下考慮其宗教制度與宗教政策。也就是,不同的社會因其社會價值觀會對宗教有不同的看法,而對宗教制度與宗教政策本身也會有不同的期待。在此背景下,我們還是說,宗教制度與宗教政策無法單獨由社會抽離出來看。有什麼樣的社會價值觀也就會有什麼樣的宗教政策。 若前面的假設正確,則臺海兩岸分隔四十多年後,因時空上的限制,兩岸社會定有差異。同時兩岸因不同的社會價值觀下,在宗教觀與宗教政策上也應有所差異。本文即在探討兩岸在不同的社會背景下,是否在宗教政策方面有所差異。全文共分三部分,首先探討大陸之宗教觀及宗教政策。其次描述臺灣之宗教觀及宗教政策。最後比較兩岸的宗教政策之差異。 |
英文摘要 | Religious sociologists usually study an area's religious phenomena from the view point of social background. They believe that religion is a social phenomenon, and it must be related with the value system and the behavioral patterns of society. Many researches have shown that the form of spirits changes as the patterns of society differ. The form of spirits and the patterns of society, which reflect and depend on each other, have therefore close relations. Thus, E.Durkheim argues that mankind makes up gods with his or her own cultural patterns. When mankind worships gods, he or she is worshipping mankind himself. The study of religion are inseparable from that of society. The above statements show that a certain king of society will lead to a certain kind of religion. In a traditional society, receives the same religious belief. However, in a modern society, under the pluralistic value system, religion is only one kind of social systems. The consideration of the entity's interests. In other words, owing to the difference of social value, different societies will have different opinions of religion. Their expectations toward the religious system and policy will also be different. In this context, I would like to point out that religious system and policy are inseparable from their society. Different social value produces different religious policy. If the above premises are correct, the religious value and policies on both sides of the Taiwan Strait must differ from each other after forty years of separation. This paper intends to discuss whether or not the cross-strait religious policies would change under different social background. The paper consists of three parts. The second part describes Taiwan's religious value and policy. The religious policies on both sides of Taiwan Strait will be compared in the final part. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。