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題名 | 磷及鉀肥對盤固草產量、品質及礦物元素之影響 |
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作者 | 施意敏; 卜瑞雄; 廖成康; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 171 1995.09[民84.09] |
頁次 | 頁57-70 |
分類號 | 437.113 |
關鍵詞 | 盤固草; 磷肥; 鉀肥; 纖維; 礦物元素; Pangolagrass; Digitaria decumbens; Phosphorus; Potassium; Fiber; Mineral; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗主要針對種植於新竹地區粘質壤土的盤固草地,進行二年的田間試驗,探討磷及鉀肥對盤固草A254 (Digitaria decumbens)產量、粗蛋白質、試管乾物質消化率、纖維及礦物元素之影響。以尿素為氮肥,固定用量為120kg N/ha/cut,過磷酸鈣為磷肥,分為30、60及90kg P₂O₅/ha/cut三等級,氯化鉀為鉀肥,分為60及90kg K₂O/ha/cut二等級,所有肥料處理組合於盤固草每次收割後一週施用,全年共收割三次,施肥三次。試驗結果顯示生長季節的變化對盤固草產量及品質的影響,遠大於磷及鉀肥的施用。在臺灣北部以夏季草的產量最高;粗蛋白質的變化則以春季草最高,夏季草最低,至秋季時再略為升高;春季草較其他季節草的品質好且消化率高。磷及鉀肥對葉莖比值、粗蛋白質、試管乾物質消化率、酸洗纖維、中洗纖維及纖維素並無影響。施用磷肥明顯增加盤固草磷的濃度,並使鐵及錳的濃度減少,對氮、鉀、鈣及銅的濃度則無顯著差的影響。施用鉀肥除增加鉀、鋅、錳濃度,對其他礦物元素則無明顯的影響。增加磷及鉀肥用量並不能提高盤固草生產的經濟效益。由本試驗結果,推薦在新竹地區盤固草地,每年施用磷肥90kg P₂O₅/ha/cut及鉀肥180kg K₂O/ha/cut,即已足夠,若施用更低量的磷及鉀肥,可能更符合盤固草生產的經濟效益。 |
英文摘要 | The effects of applied P and K on forage yield, crude protein, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), fiber and mineral composition of pangolagrass (Digitaria decumbens) were assessed in a two-year field experiment on a clay loam soil of Hsinchu. Urea was applied at a fixed rate of 120 kg N/ha/cut. Susperphosphate (30, 60, 90 kg P₂O₅/ha/cut) and muriate of potash (60, 90 kg K₂O/ha/cut) were applied in all possible combinations to a pnagolagrass sward after one week of cutting. There were three time of harvests and applied per year. Forage yield and quality were influenced by seasonal variation more than P, K fertilizers. During early summer from 17 May to 25 July, forage yield reached a peak and then declined in the north of Taiwan. Crude protein declined from spring to summer and then increased in fall. Forage growth in spring have the highest quality and digestibility than other seasons. There were no effects of applied P and K on leaf to stem ratio, crude protein, IVDMD, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber and cellulose. Applied P significantly increased P concentration and decreased Zn, Fe, and Mn concentration of pangolagrass and no influenced on N, K, and Cu concentration. There were no significantly effects on mineral concentration of pangolagrass by K applied except increasing K, Zn, Mn concentration. Increased P and K fertilizers could not improve economic efficiency of pangolagrass production. Our results suggest that the levels of P and K fertilizer applied annually 90 kg P₂O₅/ha and 180 kg K₂O /ha were enough for pangolagrass growth in Hsinchu. Testing lower input P and K may be more efficiency for pangolagrass production. |
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