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題 名 | 電腦繪製流線地圖--以臺灣地區醫療服務為例 |
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作 者 | 張春蘭; 丁志堅; | 書刊名 | 中國地理學會會刊 |
卷 期 | 23 1995.07[民84.07] |
頁 次 | 頁151-166 |
分類號 | 419.21 |
關鍵詞 | 電腦繪圖; 流線圖; 醫療服務設施; Computer mapping; Flow map; Medical services; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 當前商業化的電腦繪圖軟體,皆沒有具備直接繪製流線圖的功能,但在地理資訊的展示中,還是經常會有相當多的主題,需要用流線圖來表現地域間的相互關係。過去曾經有學者嚐試撰寫程式畫出各種流線圖,但只適用於某些特定的主題,而不能適用本文想表達的意念。為了配合現有的系統,有效的傳遞醫療行為的空間互動的意念,本文在己有的ARC╱INFO軟體之格式、指令和繪圖系統下,結合以C語言寫成, 用來計算流線方向和寬度的程式,畫出欲繪製的流線圖。 本文主要是展示臺灣地區不同地方,前往就醫(門診與住院)地點的分佈狀況。在流線的繪製上,除了用直線與箭頭的方向說明住居地前往就醫地的流向外,還用不同寬度的直線代表就醫比率流量。另外;有別於其他的流程圖,其住居地本身亦可能為當地居民的就醫地,故再搭配以不同灰度分級的面量圖,說明在當地就醫的這個變數,形成以面量為輔,流線為主的組合式流線圖。並利用問卷測試了讀圖者對這三張成圖的認知程度,調查結果顯示;這些用電腦繪製的流線圖不僅能傳遞要表達的主題,也能明確展示箭號與面量的意義。 |
英文摘要 | Some of the geographic information is best presented by flow maps, for instance, the exhibition of the interactions among places or regions. Current commercial graphics software do not provide any ready-to-use function for drawing "flow map". Although a few programs for drawing flow maps have been developed in the past, they are developed under different software environments, and the design of the flow lines are not suitable for presenting some of the geographic interactions. Based on the topology built by ARC/INFO computer software, the authors use the C language to calculate the directions and widths of flow lines demonstrating the spatial interactions among patients and medical institutes. This study aims to exhibit regional patients-to-clinics or patients-to-hospitals trip patterns. Arrow-headed straight lines with varied widths are used to indicate the trip direction from patients' residence to hospitals and the magnitude of the flow. Since some of the patients receive their treatments locally, a background choropleth maps of varying shadings are used to provide this information. Questionnaires are designed and used to test the readability of the maps drawn by this program. It is concluded that the maps effectively express regional patterns of trips among patients and medical institutes. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。