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題名 | The Syntactic Structure of Wulai and Mayrinax Atayal: a Comparison=烏來和汶水泰雅語語法比較 |
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作 者 | 黃美金; | 書刊名 | 師大學報 |
卷期 | 40 1995.06[民84.06] |
頁次 | 頁261-293 |
分類號 | 802.991 |
關鍵詞 | 代名詞; 否定結構; 格位符號; 時貌; 泰雅後谷; 澤敖利; 賽考利克; Pronouns; Negation; Case; Tense/aspect; Atayal; C'uli'; Squliq; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 泰雅語(Atayal)是台灣原住民語言之一,日本學者Tsuchida(1980)依據音 韻、構詞和詞彙將所有方言分類為二:賽考利克(Squiiq)和澤敖利(C'uli'。本論文將 提供一些語法特性以支撐該分類。本論文將比較台北縣烏來鄉的泰雅語(屬賽考 利克,以下簡稱賽)和苗栗縣泰安鄉汶水的泰雅語(屬澤敖利,以下簡稱澤)語法結 構上的一些特色,分述如下:1.代名詞系統:賽有四套代名詞(即主格、所有格、位 格和中性代名詞),但澤只有三套(缺位格代名詞)。另外,兩個方言代名詞的分佈 和語意亦有差異。2.格位符號系統:澤每個句子名詞前均需有格位符號,但賽則極 少會有格位符號的出現,是故在賽中,詞序扮演很重要的角色。3.時貌系統:澤常 利用功詞詞綴和重覆來標示時貌系統,但賽則常利用動詞詞綴和助動詞,而不用 重覆。4.否定結構:賽和澤的陳述句均有兩個否定詞;但在命令句結構中,澤有兩 個否定詞,但賽兼併成為一個。如上所述,賽和澤語法結構上有相似性,也有相 異性,連同Tsuchida(1980)所提的音韻、構詞和詞彙的特色,共同支撐了彼等為 同一語言的兩個方言。 |
英文摘要 | Atayal, one of the Formosan languages, consists of two major dialect groups, namely, Squiiq and C'uli'. Tsuchida (1980) proposes three linguistic criteria phonological, lexical and morphological for classifying Squiiq and C'uli' as distinctAtayal dialects. The present paper attempts to provide some syntactic evidence forsuch classification. The Squiiq dialect investigated here is spoken in Wulai, Taipei Prefecture (hereafterWu), and the C'uli' dialect under discussion is that of Mayrinax, Miaoli Prefecture(hereafter Ma). Below are some structural characteristics of the two Atayal dialects:(1) pronominal systems: While Wu has four sets of pronominal forms, i.e. Bound Nominative pronouns, Bound Genitive pronouns. Free Locative pronouns and Free Nominative pronouns, Ma has only three, lacking the Locative pronouns. Also, the distribution and semantics of these pronouns are different.(2) case/prenominal markers: While Ma requires the presence of case markers in utterances, Wu seldom requires these prenominal markers. Thus, word order plays a very important role in Wu.(3) tense-aspect systems: While Ma often utilizes affixes or/and reduplication to illustrate different tenses/aspects, Wu uses affixes or/and auxiliaries, but not reduplication.(4)negative constructions: Both Ma and Wu have two negators in declarative sentences, but in imperative constructions, Ma has two negators while there is only one in Wu. As shown above, Wulai Atayal and Mayrinax Atayal share some syntactic featuresand display some differences as well. Such syntactic similarities and differences furthersupport that they are two different dialects of the same language. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。