頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 保種水牛經濟性狀之調查 |
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作 者 | 施義章; 黃志咔; 劉立乾; 黃政齊; | 書刊名 | 畜產研究 |
卷 期 | 27:4 1994.12[民83.12] |
頁 次 | 頁259-264 |
分類號 | 437.399 |
關鍵詞 | 水牛; 保種; 繁殖; 屠體品質; Swamp water buffalo; Preservation; Reproduction; Carcass quality; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究之主要目的在調查現有保種之臺灣水牛相關之經濟性狀,以提供民間水牛生產及學術研究之參考。參與試驗之水牛群,全年在盤固草地放牧飼養。惟仔牛離乳後,圈飼飼養,供給盤固乾草,並另補充精料(每頭每日8~9月齡1.5公斤,10~12月齡2.0公斤,13~18月齡2.5公斤)。主要調查項目包括仔牛自出生至四歲齡間生長曲線變化、母牛之繁殖性能及公牛在兩歲齡左右屠宰時之屠體性狀。由民國76年至81年間所累積之資料統計結果,母牛群之平均產仔率為81.9%,仔牛之育成率為96.7% 仔母牛約在22月齡左右達到性成熟,初產月齡則約為,33月齡。母牛懷孕31.9±8天,平均胎距409±50天。公母仔牛之一歲齡體重分別為235公斤及215公斤,兩歲齡體重則分別為414公斤及398公斤,四歲齡體重分別靈475公斤及423公斤。公牛之平均屠宰率50.2%、瘦肉率35.8%、分切失重2.25%。由以上結果顯示,水牛為一晚熟之反芻家畜,懷孕期遠較一般牛為長,由於具有極耐粗放飼養之特性,因此,在本省不失為一具經濟性之牛肉來源。 |
英文摘要 | Swamp water buffalo has been introduced into Taiwan for over three centuries. The total number decreased rapidly during the last decade. A herd of 120 heads of cow is now being kept in this station for gene pool preservation. The aim of this study was to investigate some important economical characteristics of swamp water buffalo as a reference for further research and production in Taiwan. The herds were grazed on Pangola grassland without supplementing any feed all the year round. Calves were fed 1.5~2.4 kg of concentrate daily post weaning depending on the body weight and the quality of grass. Bulls were slaughtered at 2 years of age for carcass quality evaluation. The average annual calving rate of the herds and the percentage of calves weaned were 81.9% and 96.7% respectively. Heifers reached puberty at 22 months and first calved at 33 months of age. The average pregnancy length was 319±8 days. The calving interval was 409±50 days. The growth curve of male and female calves were investigated. The average body weight at 2 years of age in male and female buffalo were 414 kg and 398 kg, respectively. The dressing percentage and lean meat percentage were 50.2% and 35.8% respectively. In conclusion, swamp water buffalo is a late matured ruminant with longer pregnancy length when compared to the beef and dairy cattle. Due to its lower production cost, water buffalo could be an economical source of beef in Taiwan. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。