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| 題 名 | 國家機器與臺灣石化業的發展 |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 王振寰; | 書刊名 | 臺灣社會研究季刊 |
| 卷 期 | 18 1995.02[民84.02] |
| 頁 次 | 頁1-37 |
| 專 輯 | 石化工業相關研究專題 |
| 分類號 | 555.8 |
| 關鍵詞 | 國家機器; 石化業; 鑲嵌的自主性; 產業政策; The state; The petrochemical industry; Embedded autonomy; Industrial policy; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 本研究的問題是,在臺灣石化業的發展過程中,國家機器到底扮演著什麼角色以及如何轉化。本文的主要發現是國家機器在石化業發展初期並未扮演領導的角色,這樣的角色是在 1970 年代之後才出現。但是國家機器對石化業的政策曾經在 1980 年代初期有過重大轉變,即不再將石化業視為策略性工業。然而這樣的政策面臨來自石化業龐大資本的壓力,也引起國家機器內部科技官僚和與石化業資本關係密切的官僚之間的矛盾。1985 年之後,新的內閣形成,石化產業又再度成為策略性工業,極力配合資本主的利益。但是由於臺灣整體社會的自由化和民主化的關係,各種社會運動和環保自立救濟事件不斷興起,使得資本主以外移的方式壓迫國家機器。1990 年代,一個新的政商關係已經形成,國家機器全力配合資本的投資跟隨資本起舞。本文以 Evans 的「鑲嵌的自主性」性概念解釋國家機器領導和組織石化業來說明國家機器的角色。而在國家機器角色轉化的部份,本文則以石化資本的影響力,以及國家機器內部的不同派系解釋。 |
| 英文摘要 | The main task of this paper is to investigate the role of the state in the development of Taiwan's petrochemical industry. The major findings of this paper are first, the state played a leading and organizing role in the 1970s. Second, this leading role was given up by the state in the early 1980s. However, the state met the resistance from the petrochemical capitalists and from the bureaucrats who managed the state and party-invested petrochemical enterprises. Third, the fact that the latter faction of the state in gaining power in the reorganization of the state bureaucracy in 1985 led the state to reformulate the development policy in which the petrochemical industry regained the status of the strategic industry. Fourth, this policy however met the challenge from the civil society. But the petrochemical capitalists were able to use their veto power to influence the state. In 1990s, the state's role in the petrochemical industry is to follow rater than to lead the capitalists. In this paper Evens' "embedded autonomy" is used to explain the role of the state in organizing the industry. The transformation of the role of the state is also explained by the factors of the rising power of the capitalists and the internal tension between the technocrats and the state bourgeoisie. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。