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| 題 名 | 有機農業可行性觀察試驗(臺中試區) |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 謝慶芳; | 書刊名 | 臺中區農業改良場研究彙報 |
| 卷 期 | 45 1994.12[民83.12] |
| 頁 次 | 頁55-68 |
| 分類號 | 434.241 |
| 關鍵詞 | 有機農法; 落花生; 甜玉米; 水稻; Organic farming; Peanut; Sweet corn; Lowland rice; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 在台灣推行有機農法是可行的,而且許多作物的產量和品質都會因採 行有機農法而大量提高,地力也可同時獲得改善。主要方法和結果如下:薰炭添 加綜合性微生物再與有機肥混合後即刻使用,即可大幅提高有機肥的效果,使許 多作物之產量大幅提高;有機區土壤pH多數保持中性,鹽分較低,有機質和一 些養分含量都較高,而慣行區多數呈強酸性反應,鹽分較高,有機質和一些養分 含量都較低;缺錳為有機區之普遍問題,有些作物仍需適量地施用錳肥以防止嚴 重缺錳現象;糖醋液或木醋液可做為有機農法之經常性主要噴射劑,以促進作物 健康,同時提高其品質,必要時另外添加蒜頭、辣椒、菸葉、苦楝、苦艾、香茅、 薄荷、酒精、煤油、蓖麻油、樟腦油、微生物等一起使用以提高其功效,夜蛾類 則噴施蘇力菌非常有效;一年三作,即初夏種植耐熱性作物,秋冬種植耐寒性作 物,春季種植水稻或其他適當作物,似乎是一個可以提升有機農法經濟效益之輪 作制度;有機農法的缺點是有機肥的成本較高,體積較為龐大,使用時操作較不 方便,但如能靈活利用農場的自生廢棄物或一些綠肥作物,成本即可降低,另外 適當地安排配合一些機械化作業,工作就會變成非常簡單輕鬆。 |
| 英文摘要 | The results of the experiments suggested that organic farming is workable in Taiwan, and upon the implementation of organic farming the yield and quality of many crops as well as the soil fertility may be greatly promoted. The main methods and results are summarized as follows: Combine rice hull charcoal with usefull microorganism in organic manures and apply immediately to the soil soon after the combination may greatly promote the effect of organic manures, and thus largely promote the yield of many crops; The soils in the organic plots usually maintain neutral, lower in salinity, higher in organic matter and some nutrients,while in the conventional plots, they are usually strongly acid, higher in salinity, lower in organic matter and some nutrients; Manganese deficiency is a popular problem in organic plots, therefore sometimes it is necessary to apply manganese to the organic plots to prevent serious manganese deficiency of some crops; Sugar-vinegar or sugar- woodvinegar may be used as the routine spray to help establish a healthier plants and obtain a better quality of crops. Different kinds of natural expellants such as garlic, hot pepper, tobacco, neem, wormwood, citronella, peppermint, wine, kerosene, castor bean oil, camphor oil, and useful microorganism etc. may be added to the spray depending on the difference in crops and pest to promote its effect of pest control. As for the night moths, Bacillus thuringiensis usually performs a very nice job of control; The rotational cropping system with three crops a year, i.e., grow heat-tolerant crops in the summer, cold tolerant crops in the fall-winter, and rice or other suitable crops in the spring seems to be a good system helpful to promote the economic efficiency of organic farming; The demerit of organic farming is its higher cost and magnificient volume of organic manures that may cause some inconvenience in application operation. However its cost may be largely decreased if we can effectively utilize many different kinds of farm wastes and green manures, and its application operation will become very easy if some farm machinery are properly arranged and utilized for the farming practices. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。