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題名 | 臺灣對馬克思主義的新評估 |
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作者 | 洪鎌德; | 書刊名 | 中山學術論叢 |
卷期 | 12 1994.06[民83.06] |
頁次 | 頁7-34 |
分類號 | 549.4 |
關鍵詞 | 古典馬克思主義; 西方馬克思主義; 新馬克思主義; 馬克思學; 兩岸學術交流; Western and Neo-Marxism; Classical Marxism; Academic exchange; Marxology; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 二次世界大戰結束後,臺灣對馬克思主義的引進與討論,在一段相當長的時間, 列入政府監視與管制的項目,也即由政府所認定的少數人物,諸如葉青、鄭學稼、胡秋原、 嚴靈峰等,藉反共之名而予馬克思嚴厲的批評。其原因是視馬克思主義為中共搞無產階級革 命、企圖推翻國民政府之思想武器與奪權策略。直到一九八七年臺灣擺脫了四十多年的戒嚴 陰影之後,馬克思主義的科學的、與客觀的研究才成為可能。 本文主要在敘述與分析過去十年間(1983-1993),臺灣知識份子如何由官方授意的反共教 育與宣傳之籠絡下脫穎而出,並運用西方人文與社會科學的知識,閱讀馬克思本人的著作, 比較其中、日、英譯的異同,而提出對馬克思主義嶄新的看法與評估。 全文分成四節、第一節討論威權政體下,官方或半官方對馬克思主義的批判,也提及新一代 青壯學者師承上一代反共的心態,對馬克思的學說提出嚴厲的批評。 第二節敘述十年來臺灣學術界、思想界、文化界對青年馬克思的初步研究,其中涉及異 化、人本主義和人道思想的問題,也涉及馬克思與黑格爾以及同費爾巴哈之關連,甚至涉及 馬克思與韋伯之比較研究。 第三節分析臺灣所掀起的新馬克思主義熱之緣由,兼討論海峽兩岸有關西方馬克思主義 與東方馬克思主義學術交流的情形。第四節則總括十年來馬克思主義在臺灣的特質,包括新 一代理論工作者之成長;反共色彩的消失;研究者受大陸學者與西方學術界的影響;研究重 點由舊馬而轉向新馬;以及研究者的單打獨鬥、缺乏學術機構或學會、或基金會之支援等。 |
英文摘要 | The development of intellectual approach to Marxism in Taiwan has experienced serveral phases since 1949. Owing to the anti-communism of President Chiang Kai-shek, Marxism was basically regarded as the chief ideology and strategy of the PRC. Thus its study was strictly limited to few pro-government scholars, lkie Yeh Ching, Cheng Hsueh-chia, Hu Chiu-yuan, etc. However, the situation has drastically changed in the late period of the presidency of Chiang Ching-kuo who more or less opened the island to the rest of the world. This essay exposes and analyzes the changing perspectives of Taiwanese intelligentsia concerning Marxism in the last decade (1983-1993). The article consists of four sections. Part one deals with the early research of Marxism as anticommunist strategy by officially approved scholars before 1983. Section two discusses the new generation of disciples who were educated in the West and equipped with the better knowledge of current humanities and social sciences. They focused on the early writings of the young Marx and elaborated on his notions of alienation and humanism, and his relarions with Hegel and Feuerbach. It also treats the relationship between Marx and Weber, Marx and Marxists, etc. Section three touches on the so-called Neo-Marxism and its widespread discussion among the Taiwanese intellectual of the last decade. It also treats the academic exchange of ideas and personal services between the Taiwanese and mainland Chinese on the study of Marxism. In addition, the article highlights the main contribution to the understanding of the contemporary Marxism on the part of the relatively younng scholars on the island. Finally, in section four, the author points out the basic features of the research and teachig of Marxism in Taiwan. They include 1. the emergence of the new generation of students who search for objective and genuine understanding of Marxian ideas; 2. the phasing-out of anti- communist ideology; 3. the influence of mainland Chinese as well as that of the Westerners on the local study; 4. the shifting interest from classical to Neo- Marxism; and 5. the diversity and pluralism of methods and approaches use and adopted by the young scholars on this island. In sum, this essay throws a new light on the direction of further study of Marxism in Taiwan. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。