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題名 | The Event Structure in Mandarin Chinese=漢語事件敘述句的語意結構 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 余光雄; | 書刊名 | 高雄師大學報 |
卷期 | 5 1994.03[民83.03] |
頁次 | 頁150-128 |
分類號 | 802.6 |
關鍵詞 | 語意結構; 漢語; 事件敘述句; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本文是從認知觀點來探討漢語事件敘述句的語意結構及語法間的介面 問題。在英語句中的事件,語意常涉及到該語句的口說時刻,或者上下語境以及 該語句的背景條件。那麼,在漢語裡,讀者或聽者是如何去詮釋一個敘述事件句 的句意呢?漢語的敘述句中之事件結構有些什麼成份?事件之間有何關係?一個敘 述事件句是如何利用語法的特殊標記來分別的呢?這些都是本文要探討的問題。 Ter Meulern(1986,1987,1990)認為依照以事件為基礎的語意結構而論,事件的語 意結構應與代表事件的時間及其相關的外在世界相關。本文依照terMeulerr的理 論,在事件關係層次中,分成主事件及從屬事件兩種。一個主事件可包含一個或 多個從屬事件。那麼,在同一句中,事件之間的關係,又用些什麼語法形式來標 示呢?這也是本文探討論點之一。 作者認為語法結構,時間用語,動詞貌號貌標記,副詞,地方方向詞組等,都可 用來描述人的認知觀念是如何表達在語法結構上。本文也是在探討語意及語法之 間的交互作用。在理輪上,本文對於漢語敘述句的語意分析提供了一個思考層 面,也為語意學分析提供另一個分析方向。除此方面的價值之外,作者也希望各 方學者也能重視語意及語法兩層面之相互作用的分析及探討,為漢語認知語法理 論共同努力。 |
英文摘要 | In this paper I aimed to analyze the semantic structure ofnarrative sentence in Chinese from the point of view of cognition. InEnglish, the interpretation of a narrative sentence depends upon itsreference on the moment of speech, context, and backgroundassumptions. The writer tried to describe the types of event structurefrom the semantic point of view, to describe how interpreters separateevents apart in a narrative sentence, and to show how theyincorporate descriptions of events into interpreting the meaning of anarrative sentence. The first part of the paper tried to define Event and to showthe relationships between Action and Event, Event and Change. Thesecond part of the paper tried to explain how state can bedistinguished from Event by using the linguistic test suggested byRay Jackendoff (1986). Section three deals with the elements in anEvent structure, and types of Event structure. Section four deals withthe divisibility of Events in the same sentence. It was aimed atexploring the interactions between syntax and semantics. Therelationships between events can be defined from two perspectives.First, from the syntactic point of view, the main event is expressed inthe main clause and the subordinate event is expressed in thesubordinate clauses. Second, from the semantic point of view, the mainevent is represented in the dominant tier of the conceptual structure,and the subordinate events are represented in the secondary tiers (orthe lower level of the structure). The paper is not concerned with anytheoretical model dealing with how mental process affects the meaning of a sentence. It is concerned with the interface between the conceptual structure and the syntactc structure of a sentence. To sum up, the main goals are to analyze how events are ordered in Mandarin, to explore what forces language users to locate such event-description in a temporal sequence when an event can have more than one description. This paper explored human cognition in terms of syntactic structures. So, it can be considered as a contribution to the establishment of a theory of semantics which makes a distinction between the interpretation of an utterance to determine its informative content and the evaluation of this content in a model of the external world. Besides, the paper illustrates some interesting semantic interactions.between the main syntactic tier and the subordinate syntactic tier. It is hoped that this paper will share some insights with linguists who are interested in exploring the cognitive grammar of Chinese. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。