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題名 | 海水養殖對臺灣沿海地區環境衝擊之評估= |
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作者 | 徐享崑; 簡錦樹; |
期刊 | 農業工程學報 |
出版日期 | 19931200 |
卷期 | 39:4 1993.12[民82.12] |
頁次 | 頁1-12 |
分類號 | 439.6、439.6 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 海水養殖; 地下水鹽化; 土壤鹽化; 地層下陷; 海水入侵; 地下水及土壤污染; Seawater aquaculturing; Groundwater salinization; Soil salinization; Land subsidence; Seawater intrusion; Groundwater and Soil pollution; |
中文摘要 | 本文旨在探討與評估臺灣沿海地區提倡利用海水養殖可能引起之地下水及土壤鹽化等環境公害問題,並初步研擬預防與控制措施。研究調查範圍,涵蓋所有因超抽地下水造成海水入侵和地層下陷及因引入海水造成地下水及土壤鹽化的地區,包括宜蘭、新竹、彰化、雲林、嘉義、臺南、高雄、屏東、臺東、花蓮及澎湖等縣。前述地區常因地層下陷,造成海岸堤防深陷,甚至多處地區低於海平面以下,每逢颱風或豪雨,時有海水倒灌或被雨水淹沒之虞,居民生命和財產安全迭遭嚴重之威脅;同時,由於地下水位在海平面以下,易使海水侵入地下含水層,造成地下水鹽化問題。海水養殖在臺灣沿海地區已大量擴延,若不及早妥善因應,將會導致地下水資源劣質化及國土資源日益損減。本文所述及之海水養殖包括引入海水至內陸養殖、淺海及外海養殖等。 經本研究實地調查臺灣臺海地區之各養殖區後,發覺海水養殖對臺灣沿海地區之環境已造成某種程度之衝擊,因此,政府若欲輔導推行海水養殖時,除必須事先做好相關環境影響評估外,尚須就下列者因素做充份的考量: 1.引入海水養殖是否會污染地下水及土壤。 2.養殖業者對海水養殖之反應。 3.淺海或外海純海水養殖之技術改良。 4.社會成本之評估。 |
英文摘要 | This research is to find out and assess if seawater aquaculturing in coastal areas of Taiwan may take part in causing the environmental hazards such as groundwater and soil salinization, and to preliminarily draw up preventive and controlling measures. The scope of this research includes Ilan, Hsinchu, Changhua, Yunlin, Chiayi, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Pingtung, Taitung, Hualien, and Penghu, where seawater intrusion and land subsidence are caused by over withdrawing the groundwater and salinization of groundwater and soil happened by leading in the seawater. In these areas, land subsidence further results in subsidence of the seadikes and causes many regions to be lower than the sea level. Lives and properties of the residents are greatly threatened in typhoon or storm seasons by flooding or seawater inundation. In the meantime, the groundwater level being lower than the sea level causes seawater intrude into the aquifers and thus produces groundwater salinization. Seawater aquaculturing in coastal areas of Taiwan has been greatly wide-spread. The groundwater resources will be deteriorated in quality and the land resources will gradually be shortened if without proper management. The aforementioned seawater aquaculturing includes inland seawater aquaculturing by leading in the seawater, inshore aquaculturing, and offshore aquaculturing. The aquaculturing ponds in coastal areas of Taiwan were investigated in the field work of this research. It was found that somewhat of impacts on the environment of coastal areas of Taiwan were caused by seawater aquaculturing. Therefore, if the government intends to assess the development of seawater aquaculturing, the following factors should be taken into considerations in addition that the related environmental impact assessment must be well done in advance: (1) Whether leading-in of seawater will contaminate groundwater and soil; (2) Aquaculturer's response to seawater aquaculturing; (3) The technical improvement of pure seawater aquaculturing in inshore or offshore water; (4) Assessment of social cost of seawater aquaculturing. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。