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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 臺北地區初春O3及PAN之觀測 |
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作者 | 徐光蓉; 但唐謨; 周世宗; 姜仁章; 楊勝議; | 書刊名 | 大氣科學 |
卷期 | 21:1 1993.03[民82.03] |
頁次 | 頁67-83 |
分類號 | 354.01344563 |
關鍵詞 | 臭氧; 空氣污染; PAN; Ozone; Air pollution; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 臭氧及PAN是都會地區,由汽車廢氣經光化作用的主要產物。臺灣大學大氣科學系位於臺北南區,附近交通流量大,空氣污染程度相當高,是典型的都會污染地區。本文利用光學吸收法觀測該區的臭氧濃度,同時,以氣相層析儀/電子捕捉偵測器量度PAN的變化。觀測時間自1992年3月13日至3月18日,並配合已有之氣象觀測。結果顯示,初始數目,在弱風無雲情況下,臭氧最高值均在正午附近發生,可達151 ppb左右;PAN亦有類似的現象,大於4 ppb。這些變化與地表接收輻射變化有相當顯著的相關,明白顯示此二者產生以光化學反應為主。在觀測後半段時間內,相反的,當雲量增多,觀測到的太陽輻射改變很少,但臭氧及PAN值降低許多。其中又以PAN較臭氧對輻射變化敏感許多。表示化學物質與輻射變化之相關較弱,可能是因為眞正引起化學變化的光子波段是短於420 nm的輻射,而觀測為地表接收之全輻射量,兩者並不一致所造成的。大氣中,物質量的改變影響光徑大小。對光徑變化,短波比長波敏感。在觀測期間後半段,眞正引起反應的短波光子可能降低許多,但總輻射量變化很小。由此研究結果顯示,要仔細探討太陽輻射對污染物化學反應的影響,必需用高解析度,≤10 nm,之輻射儀測量短波的逐時變化。 |
英文摘要 | Ozone and PAN are the most important photochemical pollution products in most large cities. Monitoring of these two species was conducted at National Taiwan University which located in southern part of Taipei, with heavy congested area nearby, and is a typical site in metropolitan area. In this study, UV-absorption technique and gas chromatography-electron capture detector technique were used to monitor ozone and PAN, respectively. In order to have the cleanest atmospheric condition, the period of March 13 to March 18, 1992 was chosen. Results indicate that maxima of O₃ and PAN concentrations occurred around noon time. Under the condition of clearly sky and very weak wind, O₃ and PAN can reach as high as 151 and 4.25 ppb, respectively. For the first two days, correlation between chemical variations and the changes of incoming solar radiation are strong indicating that productions of these two pollutants are photochemically dominant processes. In later days, the observed solar radiation did not vary much, but concentrations of both species were significantly lower. Since most photochemical reactions are initiated by radiation at wavelength shorter than 420 nm, while the observed radiation included the whole UV-visible range. Shorter wavelength region is more sensitive to variations in a atmospheric parameters, such as optical depth, than the longer ones. Therefore, radiometer with better resolution, of ≤10 nm, is necessary for studying photochemical problems. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。