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題名 | 廿三屆大專院校運動會田徑優秀運動員血型年齡體格體型分析= |
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作者 | 梁素嬌; |
期刊 | 國立臺灣體專學報 |
出版日期 | 19930600 |
卷期 | 3 1993.06[民82.06] |
頁次 | 頁49-74 |
分類號 | 528.914 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 大專院校; 田徑; 運動員; 運動會; |
中文摘要 | 諸多的研究認為田徑運動選手,因不同項目,其身體結構及功能都有差異存在,今筆者以大專運動會甲組田徑各項前六名的優秀運動員為對象,將其身體組成要素之中的血型、年齡、體格、體型作個調查研究,也發現這樣的結果,以下便是本研究結論: 一、本研究發現我國大專優秀田徑運動員中,男子A型血型佔35人,跟按比率推算的29人多出6位,女子則B型血型佔24位,跟按比率推算的20人多出4位,此等依血型特性分析,表示好動之男生,有小心謹慎、嚴肅的A型特質,而嫻靜女生,有好動外向及強性氣質的B型特質,將分別可能成為優秀的田徑運動員,此從我國大專田徑各項第一名的血型分佈也得到類似結果.另因田徑各項間的特性不同,本文特將田徑運動依短跑、中長跑、跨欄、跳部、擲部、全能運動等六大類來分析血型分佈概況,俾謹供大家參考. 二、從年齡結構分析,我國大專田徑運動選手係25歲以下之年齡層,此期應是其運動成就一年比一年好的階段,但本研究發現女子優秀選手之年齡層比男生低,此顯示我國女子大專院校田徑選手,其持續訓練的意願不高,此也即阻止我國女子大專田徑運動成績成長的主要原因,今從個案分析,也發現這個事實,如較高齡的女子鉛球選手劉明鯉同學,其成績也比以前退步好多,顯然僅挾持以往的餘威,並沒有全心全力投入訓練與比賽. 三、從體格結構來看,我國大專田徑各項優秀的選手,身高都很高,尤其在跳部、擲部、全能運動(十項、七項)等項,其身高特別高,顯然跳部、擲部、全能運動等最需要高大身材的選手條件,但如果要參加1988年奧運各國各項選手比較,我國大專優秀田徑選手仍然較矮,此即我國選手在國際競賽中較吃虧的原因之一.而體重方面,我國大專優秀田徑投擲選手皆很重,但仍不如參加1988年奧運各國選手,而我國大專優秀田徑中長跑選手均很輕,但參加1988年奧運各國中長跑選手,雖然身高較高,但仍有部分在體重上比我國大專優秀田徑中長跑選手輕,尤其女子10000公尺的平均體重才49.2公斤,而我國優秀大專選手,如第一名李小娟卻達52公斤,仍然偏重. 四、從體型結構分析,我國大專優秀田徑選手投擲選手均是碩壯型,中長跑選手均屬於正常型或健壯型,但從參加1988年奧運的各國選手觀之,中長跑選手均是瘦長型,此可見我國大專優秀中長跑選手之矮而重的不利條件之體型上,較不易成為世界頂尖的中長跑好手,此值得我們注意. 五、最後在此宜強調人的行為及其能力,是受許多因素干擾與滋長,並非純受單一因素影響,何況其因素間亦有互動的關係,因此於今探討運動員血型、年齡、體格、體型的問題,必須了解這個緣由,但儘管如此,對運動員血型、年齡、體格、體型等的認識,在知己知彼之利導下,對運動訓練必有助益,此不容置疑. |
英文摘要 | After much research, we think that these athletes can develop different physical characteristics in order to be suitable for different sporting events, Because of different events, these are different requirements for physical structure and function. The authors research analyzed the six excellent Senior player's blood type, age, physical build, and body figure from their track and field event majors. Researching conclusions are as follows: Among these excellent track and field athletes, we discovered 35 boys with A blood-type. And then we also discovered 24 girls with B blood-type. According to data percentage; there are 6 boys more than other-type ones, and there are 4 girl more than other-type ones in statistics. In terms of analyzing blood-type it indicates the make athletes have careful, deliberate, solemn A-type merits, and the girls have graceful, Sporting, out-going, and persevering B-type merits. Therefore, it is possible for them to be excellent track and field athletes on account of their special qualities. From the college athletic Meet data, as a result, we can know that champions of the track and field events are A-type boys and B-type girls. We will analyze the following track and field event-dashes, mid and long distances run, hurdles, long jump, javeline throw and shot-put, heptathlon and the decathlon, and so on. There are six classes analyzed for blood-type distribution as a reference in the text. In age-structure analyzing, out college track field. Athletes' arerage age is 25, which is a peak year for athletic achierement. We can Sec that woman are younger than men in research data. That is the reason why our college girls' athletes don't rolunteer for long-term training, which prohibit our gils' athletes from growing stronger main causes. In analyzing physical build structure, We think that we especially need the tallest-strongest athletes for jumping, throwing, heptathlon and decathlon in all sporting conditions. However, we know that our players were shote than Olympic ones from all the other countries in the 1988 Olympic Games. That's too bad; because our players are shorter in build, they suffer loses in international competition. Nevertheless, the players of the National College of Physical Education are heavier than other ones in the excellent throwing events. In the meantime, they get lower than Olympic athletes in scores. Although our athletes were lighter in mid and long distance running, most other athletes were much taller and lighter than ours in the1988 Olympic Game. Above all, in the 10,000 meter rur, their arerage weight was 49.2Kgs; but our athletes were 52Kgs; which is heavier than theirs. We should solke these short-comings. In the body figure structure analyses, our athletes in college are heavy, sound and strong in body figure. We know that the mid and long distance athletes were normal and sound, but we obserred that athletes were slender in the 1988 Olympic Games; on the contrary, our athletes are shorter and heavier in body figures. So, it is very difficult for our players to be world class athletes. The above points are deserring of attention and improvement. Therefore, we should emphasize that one's behavior and ability become better or worse because of the interference or stimulation of outer influences. These factors have interaction with one another. Hence we explore that we must understand the causes and factors of athletes' blood-type, age, physical build, and body figure problems. Even though we recognize out athletes' blood type, age, physical build and body figure, we have to be aware of causations and elements or every team in the sport range. There is no doubt that it is good for us to pay full attention to every sport trainingin competition. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。