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題名 | 東部茶區早蓑茶園茶樹根系發育與土壤理化性質關係之研究= |
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作者 | 陳玄; 鄭混元; |
期刊 | 臺灣茶業研究彙報 |
出版日期 | 19930100 |
卷期 | 12 1993.01[民82.01] |
頁次 | 頁103-117 |
分類號 | 434.817 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 土壤; 早蓑茶園; 東部; 根系; 茶區; 茶樹; 理化性質; 發育; |
中文摘要 | 為探討東部茶區茶樹早衰原因,分別在鹿野、美農及舞鶴茶區選擇正常及早衰茶 園各一處,進行至土壤剖面茶樹根系及土壤理化性質調查。結果顯示早衰茶田茶樹根部生長 均受到明顯抑制,且根系乾重分佈94%集中於30公分表土層,比正常茶園高出6%;地上部 乾重亦明顯減少,尤以葉片減少比例最高。造成根部生長障礙之原因各茶區不同,但土壤壓 實現象普遍存在。鹿野茶區正常與早衰茶園土壤理化性質相似,施肥不當使養分供應不平衡, 可能為茶樹根系發育不良之主因;美農茶區早衰茶園土壤粘粒含量高,在地表下40-50公分 處形成犁底粘盤,且表土酸化較嚴重,可能為茶樹根系發育不良之主因;舞鶴茶區早衰茶園 土層土壤性質在地表下70-80公分處明顯轉變,有泥炭狀石礫夾雜,硬度、酸鹼度及電導度 陡然增加,使根域環境急劇改變,可能為茶樹根系發育不良之主因。以不同茶區、不同生長 狀況茶園之不同土層土壤盆栽台茶12號茶苗,調查在營養供應良好、壓實情形減輕之條件下 茶樹生長情形,證實鹿野茶區早衰茶園土壤在改善營養狀況後適合茶樹生長。美農茶區早衰 茶國土壤粘性過高對茶樹生長之抑制作用持續至三年試驗結束仍未消除,且其影響大於表土 酸化之影響。而舞鶴茶區早衰茶園90公分以下底土較不適宜茶根生長,但在長期盆栽情形下 此種適宜性不良現象可獲得改善。 |
英文摘要 | Whole soil profile investigations in the six tea gardens chosen from Luyeh、 Meinong and Wuho districts, east Taiwan, were conducted to compare tea root development and soil properties of socalled "early senescence" (ES) and normal. Results revealed that the tea root growths of ES tea gardens had been partially inhibited and more than 94% dry weight of root, 6% more than that of normal, distributed within the 30cm depth surface soil. Upper ground portions, however, subsoil compactness problem was found in general. At Luyeh district, where the soil properties had no significant difference between the ES and normal tea gardens, poor fertilization which causing the nutrients unbalance was considered to be the main reason for growing obstacle. At Meinong district, high soil clay content and a subsoil clay pan genetic at 40-50cm depth were found in ES tea garden, in accompany with much serious acidification (pH<3.8) in topsoil, were thought to be the two main reasons for growing obstacle. As to Wuho district, an obvious horizontal change which caused a drastic soil properties disconnection was found at 70-80 cm depth subsoil in ES tea garden. The disconnection of soil properties including increase of soil hardness、pH and E.C was thought to be main reason for growing obstacle of tea root. A pot cultivation experiment using the soils derived from different locations、 horizions and normal/ES tea gardens was conducted to investigate the growths of TTES 12 tea seedling under the proper nutrients suppling and soil compactness diminishing surrounding. Results indicated that the soils of ES tea garden Luyeh, could meet the tea growth's need if the nutrients supply had been improved. High clay content in the ES tea garden Meinong, however, inhibited tea growth through out the 3 – year experiment period, and the inhibition effect caused by high clay content was greater than that by topsoil acidification. In Wuho district, properties of subsoil 90cm down of ES tea garden were not fit for tea growth in the first year, but could be imporved gradually during the long term cultivation. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。