頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 遮陰與土壤水份對九重葛花苞形成之影響 |
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作 者 | 李炳和; 鄭國銘; 楊三遠; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 165 1994.03[民83.03] |
頁 次 | 頁78-94 |
分類號 | 435.429 |
關鍵詞 | 遮陰; 日射; 氣溫; 土壤水份; 花苞; Shading; Insolation; Temperature; Soil moisture; Bract; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 九重葛開花受環境因子影響非常大,本試驗以微氣象觀點,藉不同遮陰與土壤水份,研究日射等氣象因子與土壤含水量對其生長、刺花軸(thorn-infiorescence axis) 發育和苞片形成的關係,以瞭解促進或抑制其開花之環境條件,摘述如下: 1.遮陰使日射減少,遮陰區植株接受之平均日射量為露地之36%(透過溫室之自然光量),不遮陰區為67%,但兩區全期日平均氣溫差距甚小,分別是23.6、23.7℃。在短日照(約5小時)、氣溫為23-28℃時,遮陰使植株枝條發生徒長現象,開花數減少,單株平均為649.7朵,較不遮陰839.6朵少189.9朵,兩者呈現顯著差異;而開花期月平均溫度在20℃以下,且最低溫度又低於10℃時,開花數急遽下降,遮陰區351.9朵,仍較不遮陰553.5朵少,惟變方分析結果無差異,顯示在氣溫高於20℃時,日射對九重葛之開花影響較大。又遮陰區之九重葛苞片顏色淡,而不遮陰區之顏色較濃;苞片大小則相反,遮陰會增大苞片,其長和寬都比不遮陰大0.1cm左右。 2.不同之土壤水分(90、60、30%)對九重葛枝條生長和苞片形成都有顯著差異,亦即土壤含水量愈高,愈會增加枝條長度、節數、節間長、著花最低節位(低溫期相反),又高、中、低三種土壤水分之開花數比較,於兩次開花調查皆呈極顯著差異,第一次開花數是807.7、811.0、615.7朵,第二次是748.7、422.3、187.0朵,即土壤水份高可促進苞片形成,尤其是在低溫期間更為顯著。而30%之土壤含水量不足植株生長所需,同化物質蓄積不足,無論遮陰與否,其營養和生殖生長皆受明顯的抑制。 |
英文摘要 | Environmental factors exert great influence on the blooming of Bougainvillea. This study focuses on the related between meteorological factors, such as insolation, and soil moisture and the growth, the development of thorn-inflorescence axis, and the bract formation of Bougainvillea. This study is to better understand the promotive and inhibitory environmental conditions concerning the blooming of Bougainvillea. The results are summarized as follows: Shading treatment decreases the amount of insolation, the insolation received by plants in shading and non-shading area is 36% (i.e., sunshine penetrating into the greenhouse) and 67% of that received by plants in open area respectively. During the study period, the average daily temperature is 23.6°C and 23.7°C in shading and non-shading areas, respectively. The difference in temperature is not significant. With short duration of insolation (5 hrs) and temperature of 23.28°C, shading treatment induces the shooting of branch and decreasing of blooming. The average number of blooms of each plant in shading area is 649.7, 189.9 less than those in non-shading area. The difference in number of blooms is significant. With monthly average temperature below 20°C and the lowest temperature at 10°C during the blooming season, the number of bloom decreases dramatically, 351.9 and 553.5 of blooms for plants in shading and non-shading areas, respectively. The difference is not significant with variance analysis. The results indicate that insolation has greater effect on the blooming of Bougainvillea when the temperature is higher than 20°C. Also, the color of Bougainvillea bract is lighter in plants in shading area than those in non-shading area. The size of the bract is larger in plants in shading area than that in non-shading area, with 0.1 cm larger in length and width. Various soil moisture contents (90, 60, and 30%) showed significantly different effects on the growth, and the bract formation of Bougainvillea. The higher the soil moisture, the longer the length of the branch and the length between nodes, and the larger the number of nodes and the lowest node with inflorescence (opposite effect observed during low temperature period). The difference in the number of blooms resulted from different soil moisture contents is significant. During high temperature period, the average number of bloom is 807.7, 811.0, and 615.7 respectively for plants with 90, 60, and 30% soil moisture content. During low temperature period, the average number of blooms is 748.7, 422.3, and 187.0 respectively for plants with 90, 60, and 30% soil moisture content. The results indicate that high soil moisture promotes, especially during low temperature period, the bract formation. Soil moisture of 30%, with or without shading, is shown to be inadequate to support the growth of Bougainvillea. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。