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相關文獻
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題 名 | The Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality of Low Birth Weight Neonates=低體重新生兒之新生兒期罹病率及死亡率 |
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作 者 | 滕儒錚; | 書刊名 | 中華民國小兒科醫學會雜誌 |
卷 期 | 33:3 民81.05-06 |
頁 次 | 頁167-175 |
分類號 | 417.517 |
關鍵詞 | 死亡率; 新生兒; 罹病率; |
語 文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 在1987年l月l日到1991年3月31日的期間,共有454位低體重兒(出生體重<2,500公克)住入本院,其中450位的資料可以回顧性的加以研究。這450位低體重兒之中,41位(9.1%)是在出生後24小時之內由外院轉入,而409位則是在本院出生。男與女的比例相近(男/女=227/223),而有一半以上(56.4%)的出生體重在10th%以下。多胞胎產佔全部的22.9%,而母親有妊娠毒血症的則有11.6%。新生兒死亡率(出生28天內)在出生體重1,500公克以下者為23.9%,而在1,000公克以下者則為45.5%。呼吸窘迫症候群的發生在15.9%的低體重兒可以見到,其發生率隨著體重的下降而增加。臨床上有意義的開放性動脈導管的發生率為11%,且發生率也是隨著出生體重的下降而逐漸增加。眼底的檢查在出生體重l,500公克以下及出生體重2,000公克以下同時需要長期呼吸器支持者是一個常規。在所有低體重兒之中有5.6%發生早產兒視網膜病變,而在出生體重l,000公克以下者則有50%的發生率。腦部超音波檢查在2,000公克以下新生兒出生三天內施行,而後每週檢查至少一次以上。顱內出血的比例為10.2%,但是第三度以上的只有2.4%。呼吸窘迫症候群及外院轉入是影響腦室內出血之發生及嚴重度的兩個因素。其他有關早產兒的合併症之發生率分別是:新生兒敗血症3.6%;壞死性腸炎0.9%;氣漏症候群3.3%;慢性肺病變2%或是在呼吸窘迫症候群中有9.8%;貧血5.8%;紅血球過多3.8%;低血糖4%;低血鈣9.3%。由我們的回顧性研究資料中顯示,出生體重及外院轉入是影響體重1,500公克以下新生兒死亡率的決定因素。 |
英文摘要 | During the period between January 1, 1987 and March 31, 1991, a total of 454 low birth weight neonates, classified if below 2,500 grams, admitted to this hospital, 450 of them could be evaluated retrospectively. Among the 450 cases, 41 (9.1%) were transferred from outside hospitals within 24 hours of birth; and 409 were original hospital inpatients. The sex distribution was quite even (M/F= 227/223), but more than half of them were small-for-date (56.4%). Multiple pregnancy accounted for 22.9%, and toxemic mother, for 11.6%. Neonatal mortality rates were 23.9% for those with birth weight below 1,500, and 45.5% for those with birth weight below 1,000 grams, respectively. Respiratory distress syndrome occurred in 15.9% of the low birth weight neonates, and the incidence increased stepwise as birth weight decreased. Symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus could be detected in 11%. Fundoscopical evaluation, a routine for all with birth weight below 1,500 grams or below 2,000 grams with prolonged ventilator support, demonstrated retinopathy of prematurity in 5.6% of all cases or 50% in those below 1,000 grams. Routine brain echo done in all those below 2,000 grams within, the first three days of age, and at least once every week thereafter, revealed intracranial hemorrhage in 10.2%, but only 2.4% belonged to grade III-IV. Respiratory distress syndrome and outborn were the two major determinants affecting the severity and occurrence of intraventricular hemorrhage significantly. Other major complications of prematurity in our study showed neonatal sepsis of 3.6%, necrotizing enterocolitis of 0.9%, air leak syndrome of 3.3%, bronchopulmonary dysplasia of 2% or 9.8% of the respiratory distress syndrome, anemia of 5.8%, polycythemia of 3.8%, hypoglycemia of 4%, and hypocalcemia of 9.3%. Outborn and birth weight were the two factors that affect the neonatal mortality rate of very-low-birth-weight neonates in this study. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。