頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 污染防治與廠商的生產效率: 臺灣四個產業的實證 |
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作 者 | 劉錦添; 邱秋瑩; | 書刊名 | 國家科學委員會研究彙刊. 人文及社會科學 |
卷 期 | 2:1 1992.01[民81.01] |
頁 次 | 頁45-58 |
分類號 | 445.6 |
關鍵詞 | 生產; 污染防治; 效率; 產業; 臺灣; 廠商; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文係利用行政院經建會實地廠商調查資料,分析臺灣地區污染防治管制措施對 水泥、鋼鐵、造紙與石化四個產業的影響。研究結果發現在 1984 年至 1988 年污染防治設 備佔全部生產設備的比例以水泥業、鋼鐵業較高,而造紙業與石化業較低;污染防治操作成 本佔總生產成本的比例介於 1.93 %至 3.42 %之間。水泥業、鋼鐵業與造紙業的廢氣與廢 水污染排放量平均而言呈現逐年下降的趨勢。 根據 Schmidt and Sickles ( 1984 )的橫 斷面與時間序列合併資料隨機性生產邊界模型,發現四個行業的平均生產技術效率以水泥業 最高,為 89.8 %, 石化業最低,為 75.6 %,而鋼鐵業與造紙業分別為 83.3 %與 81.2 %。 |
英文摘要 | The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of pollution regulations on the cement, steel, paper and pulp, and petro-chemical industries, using the survey data from the Council for the Economic Development and Planning of the Executive Yuan. It is found that the percentages of pollution control equipment relative to total capital equipment in the cement and steel industries are higher than those in the paper and pulp, and the petro-chemical industries from 1984 to 1988. The percentages of pollution control operation cost relative to total production cost are between 1.93 and 3.42. The average air and water pollutants in the cement, steel, and paper and pulp industries have a tendency to decrease over time. Based on the stochastic production frontier model derived by Schmidt and Sickles (1984), we also find that the average production technical efficiency in the cement industry is the highest among the four industries at 89.8%, and that the petro-chemical industry is the lowest at only 75.6%, while the steel and the paper and pulp industries fall in the middle at 83.3% and 81.2% respectively. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。