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題名 | Engineering Economic Analysis:Cost-Benefit Analysis Application=工程經濟學--成本效益分析之運用 |
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作者 | 陳昭惠; | 書刊名 | 東海學報 |
卷期 | 33 1992.06[民81.06] |
頁次 | 頁677-697 |
分類號 | 494.762 |
關鍵詞 | 工程經濟學; 成本效益分析; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本文為作者任職於美國吉悌通訊公司為資深經濟研究員時(1984-1988)所作的研 究之一 o 研究的範疇屬於工程經濟學中的主要領域一資本投資的成本效益分析及評估。 所 使用的研究方法及工具主要是設計一套電腦程式其中包括各種牽涉到經濟決策的重要變數( 如: 通貨膨脹率、利率、預測市場需求量、公司所得稅率、獎勵投資的稅負抵減信用率、折 舊率等等)。而所運用分析的對象即為一家像吉悌通訊這種大型的公司在開始起步加入美國 的長途電話市場競爭時, 所必需面對的重要投資決策:譬如是否租用已存在公司(如 AT&T :美國電話電報公司)舊有的網路,何時興建屬於自己的新網路,在全國偌大的服務提供網 中如何確認那幾個點是必需優先建造自己的網路,等等可供上層決策單位作為參考的經濟層 面的評估。目前台灣的電信事業逐步已有邁向民營化的趨勢,所以在不久的未來,新興的電 信通訊市場或將開放民營競爭,加上六年國建計劃中,對交通電信一項的投資即佔總預算 8 兆多元的百分之三十以上。可見在這個領域將有愈來愈多的投資機會開放給民間企業,因此 所需面對的投資決策,成本效益方面的評估,也應該是需求日殷,文仍提供一個基本的研究 範例,藉以收「他山之石,或可攻錯」之效果。 |
英文摘要 | This study is an application of the most significant planning tool; cost- benefit analysis for capital expenditure budgeting in the scope of Engineer- ing Economics. The case presented in the study is: during the era of telecommunica- tion industry's divestiture, how the second largest telephony company-GTE SPRINT in the U.S.A.is entering the long-distance market to compete with the existing telephone monopolist: AT&T for part of the market share. The important strategic decision faced by the top management is to decide when to construct SPRINT's own facilities to replace the leased network from the Bell company or the usage of Bell's circuits to transport the voice services. The methodology utilzed in this planning involved es- sentially a fully-automated computer program that integrate informations regarding the cost of construction vis-a-vis the cost of leasing. The basic concept is built upon the calculation of net present value of the cost of alternative ways of providing services: lease vs. build, or trans- port vs. build. Tax benefits resulting from investment tax credit and accel- erated depreciation method in constructing new facilities are considered. Forecasted demand, interest rate, and inflation rate are also estimated based on judgements for prevailing economic conditions. On account of the trend of privatization of domestic telecommunica- tion industry in the near future in Taiwan, we will soon facing a similar situation as that had encountered by GTE-SPRINT in U.S.A. Besides, in the 6-year National Construction Plan-the larggest scale infrastructure in- vestment planned by the government in history of Taiwan-the transporta- tion and communication is the single most important item in the total budget. It will take more than 1/3 of the 80 billion budget and a certain percentage of this amount will be open for private investment bidding. Therefore. the kind of investment evaluation technique required in order to make good capital expenditure decision should be increasingly impor- tant in domestic situation. This study is presented as an example to facili- tate the planning need of potential domestic entrepreneurs. B |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。