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題名 | 梨瘤蚜(Aphanostigma Piri (Cholodkovsky))形態、生活習性、田間族群變動及防治之研究 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 鄭明發; | 書刊名 | 嘉義農專學報 |
卷期 | 29 1992.06[民81.06] |
頁次 | 頁147-162 |
分類號 | 433.3 |
關鍵詞 | 生活習性; 田間; 形態; 防治; 族群; 梨瘤蚜; 變動; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 梨瘤蚜(Aphanostigma piri(Cholodkovsky))近年來在臺灣中部及嘉南高接 梨地區發生為害頗為嚴重。該蟲個體小,潛伏棲息於枝幹樹皮裂縫、芽體及花苞 內或枝條及果實隱密處為害,非但阻礙果樹生長,並可導致果皮粗糙褐變,甚或 龜裂、腐爛、落果,影響農民收益至深且鉅。本文對該蟲之形態特徵及生活習性 有詳細描述。在嘉義竹崎地區梨瘤蚜之族群密度以冬、春季之果實發育期密度最 高,六至九月之非果實期最低。檢視新興接穗枝感染率達21,證明該蟲主要係由 梨瘤蚜為害區之接穗傳播。在嘉南地區果園調查受害面積在1990及1991年分別達 栽培果園之64.8及58.3。防冶方法以在接穗枝塗抹蟲膠(Tanglefoot)或凡士林,不論 切除接穗膠帶與否均可防止梨瘤蚵侵入果實為害。藥劑防治在冬季防治以噴佈夏 油加Cygor最佳,而在果實發育期則以噴佈40.34Marsha:加CS7及40Hokeir加CS7效 果最好。 |
英文摘要 | The spread of the insect pest, pear phylloxera ( Aphanostigma pin(Cholodkovsky)), through indiscriminate grafting of infected pear shoots has resulted in heavy losses to the Taiwanese pear industry. This tiny flightless insectcan be found inhabiting bark crevices, buds, and the cavities of twigs and fruit.The population density of the insect peaks during the winter and spring fruitripenina season, and declines soon after the fruit is harvested. The morphological features, as well as the developmental stages of the insect, are both described. The pear orchard at Chu-Chi in Chiayi county served as the casestudy where, in 1990 and 1991, 64.8 and 56.3 of the trees respectively, werefound to be infested. The cause was traced to contaminated grafts from HsingHsing pear trees of central Taiwan, 21 of which were observed to carry phylloxera. It was found that by painting tanglefoot or vaseline on the basal partof the grafts soon after grafting, phylloxera could effectively be blocked frommoving onto the graft. Field chemical application trials indicated that in thewinter season a mixture of summer oil and 40 Cygon EC, while in the fruitdeveloping season a mixture of either 40.34 Marshall EC and CS7 or 40Hnkei'n EC and CS7. satisfactorily controlled the nest. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。