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題名 | The Effectiveness of Teaching Daily Living Skills to Students with Severe Disabilities Using Two Task Analytic Instructiunal Procedures=以精確動作為主的工作分析法與傳統式工作分析法在教導重度殘障兒童日常生活技能成效之比較研究 |
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作者 | 林千惠; | 書刊名 | 國教學報 |
卷期 | 4 1992.06[民81.06] |
頁次 | 頁283-328 |
分類號 | 529.3 |
關鍵詞 | 工作; 分析法; 日常生活; 成效; 技能; 兒童; 重度; 教導; 殘障; 傳統式; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本研究針對兩種不同的工作分析法-傳統式的工作分析法及以精確動作元素為本位的工作分析法,在教導重度殘障兒童日常生活技能之教學成效上進行比較。傳統式的工作分析法是由曾經接受過工作分析教學訓練的特教教師針對目標技能進行工作分析步驟之設計;以精確動作為本位的工作分析法則是由研究者配合工業工程師共同設計所有的工作分析步驟。 本研究以四位在國小自足式啟智班就讀的重度殘障兒童為對象,分別利用以上兩種不同的工作分析法進行四項日常生活技能的教學。教學成效之差異則分別就技能之養成、熟練度、及保留程度等三方面做分析比較。 本研究結果顯示,兩種工作分析法在技能的養成及保留上都極具效果。然而,在技能熟練度的提昇上,以精確動作元素為本位的工作分析法卻遠較傳統式工作分析法有效。 |
英文摘要 | Two task analytic instruction procedures, a traditional strategy and a therblig-based strategy, were investigated to compare the efficacy of both procedures in teaching daily living skills to students with severe disabilities. Traditional task analyses used for target skills training were developed by special education teachers who have had pervious experience in task analytic instruction. Therblig-based task analyses, on the other hand, were developed based on the principles of motion economy and by a researcher in collaboration with a certified industrial engineer from the Division of the Association of Methods-Time Measurement (MTM). Four students from self-contained classrooms in an elementary school participated in the study. A set of four functional, age-appropriate tasks were selected from the daily living domain for each participant to be trained in either the traditional or the therblig-based task analytic procedure. The efficacy of data were determine by the acquisition, fluency, and maintenance of the skills. The results indicated that both procedures were effective in the acquisition and maintenance of the skills. However, therblig-based task analytic procedure is more effective in prompting fluent performance. Implications for practice and further research based on the research findings were discussed at the end of this study. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。