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題名 | 葡萄園土壤水分張力變化模擬研究 |
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作者 | 林正錺; 葉明智; 于廼文; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 157 1992.03[民81.03] |
頁次 | 頁61-75 |
分類號 | 434.227 |
關鍵詞 | 土壤; 水分; 張力; 葡萄; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 土壤水分變化不只受氣象因子的影響,也受土壤物理條件和作物生長因素所左右。本研究採用的電腦模式就是考慮到上述三個影響因子,來計算葡萄園土壤水分變化情形。以作為水分管理計畫之參考。 本研究選擇中興大學葡萄中心所栽種樹型為X型的金香與巨峰葡萄園各一小區,利用程式進行為期一年的土壤剖面水分張力變化觀察與模擬實驗。一方面比較程式模擬張力值與田間觀測張力值的差異,以探討程式的實用性,另一方面以林與葉的氣象模式探討模擬出的氣象資料在程式中的適用性。 電腦輸入部分包括:一、土壤性質資料;二、作物生理特性資料;三、氣象資料;四、數值分析資料;五、灌溉日期及灌溉量等五項。將土壤水分張力為零的深度視為可變動的參數,尋出一套零張力點位置後,所模擬出的土壤水分張力變化結果與實際觀測值的變化情形相近,可見該程式有實用性。 無論是以真實資料或模式模擬的氣象資料都可以膜擬出葡萄中心之30cm和50cm土壤水分張力變化趨勢,其間的簡單相關係數至少在0.739以上。若在模擬氣象資料中,用真實雨量取代模擬雨量,其最低的簡單相關係數達0.983之高,顯示以實際雨量值,配合其他模擬氣象資料,可獲得最佳的預測結果。 |
英文摘要 | Soil moisture variation is not only affected by climatic conditions but also by soil physical properties and crop physiology as well. The study taking above three factors into consideration and using a simulation model calculates the dynamic to a soil water management project for the vineyards. Golden Muscat and Kyoho vines both pruned in X type and each cultivated in one tenth hectare, were chosen for monitoring and simulating the variations of moisture tension in the soil profiles for one years. While the observed data were simulated and compared, a climatic data model was also used to test its suitability in applying to the simulations. Computer input files influded: soil physical properties; crop physiological data; climatic data; numerical conditions; and irrigation data and depth. In the simulation, a zero tension depth was varied as a parameter. Oncce the zero tension depths were set up, the simulated results were found very close to the observed variation of soil moisture tensions at different layers, suggested the effectiveness of the applicability of the model. No matter the real climatic data or the climatic modelling data was used, the variations of soil moisture tensions at 30 cm and 50 cm depths were well simulated. Their statistical correlation coefficients were greater than 0.739. Using the real rainfall data to replace the simulated precipitations would increase the correlation coefficients up to at least 0.983, indicated that this combination of the input climatic data would give the best predictions. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。