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| 題 名 | Recent Status and Future Aspect of Pesticide Industry in Japan=日本農藥工業近況及未來 |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 進滕登; | 書刊名 | 中華民國雜草學會會刊 |
| 卷 期 | 12:2 1991.08[民80.08] |
| 頁 次 | 頁77-92 |
| 分類號 | 433.85 |
| 關鍵詞 | 日本; 農藥工業; |
| 語 文 | 英文(English) |
| 中文摘要 | 日本地勢複雜,降雨量多,故作物種類繁多,病蟲害及雜草防治亦需多種不同農 藥。 其農藥總用量僅次於美國, 在 1989 年之總生產量達 41,500 億日元,其中殺蟲劑占 35 %,殺草劑占 31 %,殺菌劑占 24 %,種類達 380 種。以劑型來分粒劑占 41 %,粉 劑占 28 %,乳劑占 13 %;粒劑在 1989 年達 220,450 噸,56 %用在水田。 1989 年的 農藥出口值為 653 億日元,進口值為 536 億日元,主要輸出國為中國大陸、美國、韓國、 法國、伊朗、義大利、英國、蘇俄及臺灣,進口則來自美國、西德、瑞士、法國、英國等, 包括杜邦、孟山都、拜耳、汽巴嘉基、Chevron 和 Rhone-Poulenc 等公司。 日本的化學公 司大概與農藥工業多少都有關係,大的化學公司生產大量的農藥,但抗生素,植物生長調節 素, 昆蟲生長抑制素及賈洛蒙則由製藥公司生產,1989 年日本生產之主要農藥(工業原料 級)有 fenitrothion (10767T), D-D(8364T), methylbromide (8104T), chloropicrin (6767T), isoprocarb (4579T), thiophanatemethyl (6093T), chlorothalonil (3542T), benthiocarb (4798T), chlorate-Na (2155T) and Sethoxydim (1827T)。 所開發之優良農 藥包括合成除蟲菊,diphenylether, sulfonylurea, pyrazol 衍生物等。 優良新農藥之開 發實際需要國際上的合作,群策群力共謀發展。 |
| 英文摘要 | Japan, due to topographic features vary considerably and high rainfall with types of crops and pests also vary requires different kinds of pesticides. Japan ranks second in the world, following the United States in pesticide consumption. The total production of pesticides reached ¥ 415,002 million in 1989. Showing each pesticide group as a percentage of total, the insecticide constituted 35%, herbicide 31%, fungicide 24%, insectfungicide 7% and others 3%. Total production in recent years showed nearly equal, and that about 380 kinds of pesticides were used in 1989. The type of granule constituted 41%, dust 28%, EC 13%, others 18%, and the amount of granular type in 1989 reached 220,405T and then 56% of it was used for paddy field. In 1989 exports of these chemicals were valued at ¥ 65,300 million, and imports at ¥ 53,600 million. Japan's main customers were P. R. China, U. S. A., Korea, France, Iran, Italy, England, USSR, and Taiwan. As for the import, many pesticides were imported from U. S. A., West Germany, Switzerland, France, England etc., and manufactures were as follows: Du Pont, Monsanto, Bayer, Ciba-Geigy, Shevron, Rhone-Poulenc etc., In Japan, many chemical companies, are concerned more or less with pesticides industries. The large amount pesticides are produced by many big chemical industries, and antibiotics, PGR, IGR, and pheromons are produced by pharmaceutical companies. In 1989, major pesticdes (technical grade) produced in Japan were: fenitrothion (10767T), D-D (8364T), methylbromide (8104T), chloropicrin (6767T), isoprocarb (4579T), thiophanatemethyl (6093T), chlorothalonil (3542T), benthiocarb (4798T), chlorate-Na (2155T) and sethoxydim (1827T). Recently, many good pesticides have been developed in Japan and draw the attention of the whole world, especially in the field of synthetic pyrethrin, diphenylether, sulfonylurea, pyrazol derivatives etc., For the excellent pesticide developed in Japan, academic prizes were given. In future the development of new pesticide has entered into a stage of intensive competition, international joint development programme will become more populr from now. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。