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題名 | 臺灣蝴蝶蘭產銷之經濟分析 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 李佳珍; 施能仁; | 書刊名 | 嘉義農專學報 |
卷期 | 27 1991.10[民80.10] |
頁次 | 頁103-123 |
分類號 | 482.9 |
關鍵詞 | 產銷; 臺灣; 蝴蝶蘭; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究係針對當前台灣蝴蝶蘭之生產概況、分佈情形及目前遭遇到的產 銷困難,收集一些有關的變數資料,並利用適當而有效的統計方法,作系統整理 與分析,以瞭解國內蝴蝶蘭市場之需求、銷售情形及其發展潛力。茲將研究重要 結果說明如下:1.我國蝴蝶菌之生產,有興趣者、兼業者及專業者三類,截至民 國79年止,現有專業蘭園有286家,蘭花總栽培面積98,393,坪,平均每家經營規 模訕4坪。其中蝴蝶蘭只佔20,以專業生產而言,稍嫌少,未達經濟規模化。2. 在商品之消費型態上,有盆花、切花及瓶苗,後者之購買者為兼業生產者或興趣 者。而盆花及切花除了部份殊種或殊花具藝術化高品特色外,大眾化標準商品的 盆花零售價格平均約為100-150元;切花每朵約3-15元。價格取決於花勢、花數、 花序、花香、花色及大小。3.台灣蝴蝶蘭之盛產約在4-6月。此時所需之主要設 備為溫室,平均一分地造價要75萬元,另外其他生產成本如材料費、肥料、農藥、 種苗費等,全部平均一分地之盆花要243萬元,切花為225萬元之成本。4.以一 分地(1坪種90盒,1分地210坪計)之成株及近花株來計價,盆花約可收350萬元, 切花收280萬元,其獲利率分別為43及24。5.在內銷通路上,蝴蝶蘭之銷售分別 透過運銷合作社、花販、花市、花店及展覽會之管道。外銷則透過運銷合作社、 花販及有關出口商出口。少數蘭園也有自己出口之作業。6.蝴蝶蘭之運銷價差 頗大。因為除分級困難外,包裝、保鮮(需養液)之成本也高,加上昂貴的運輸費 用,造成幅度頗大的運銷價差。以切花為例,蘭園售價每朵6元、包裝2元、運輸 2元、中間利潤加價5元,零售成本就要15元,若加上零售利潤,市價可能高達25-30 元。 |
英文摘要 | This rcuscrch is to understand the general situation of production, distribution and difficulty in production and marketing of phalaenopsis in Taiwan. Wecollected various variable data, using propriate and effective statistic methodsfor systemetic sorting and analysis, to find out domestic market needs and thedeveloping potential. The important results are listed below:1. In Taiwan, the production pattern of phalaenopsis can be classified into three types: amatour, sideline occupation and professional planting, There are 286 poifessional orchid gardens, the total area planted is 98,393 坪, the average planted area of each orchid garden is 343坪. Only 20 of the production is phalaenopsis. It is neither sufficient nor economical for profes sional production.2. In the consuming patterns of this product arc potted orchid, cut flowers and seeding. Buyers of the last item are mainly amateur and sideline occupation planters. As to potted orchid and cut flower, except some special breeds and breeds with artistic value, the average retail price is about 100-150 NT. the price of cut flowers is about 3-5 NT each. The price depends on inflo rescence, color and Size.3. The production peak of phalaenopsis in Taiwan is from April to June. The necessary equiptinent arc greenhouse, of which the price is 750 thousand NT per (O.1 ha) the other cost for production are materials, fertilizer, pesti cide, seeds & sprouts, etc...all average cost of per (O.1 ha)are 2 million 430 thousand for potted orchid, 2 million 250 thousand for cut flowers.4. The calculated price of mature plants and pre- blossoming plants of per(0.1 ha) are 3 million 500 thousand for potted orchid, 2 million 800 thousand for cut flowers, the benificial rates are 43 and 24 respectively.5. I domestic marketing, selling of phalaenopsis is achieved by marketing coop erations, florists, flower markets, flora shops and flower exibitions. Florists and pxport agencies. But few orchid gardens manage their own export busi ness.6. The marketing price vatiation of phalaenopsis is notable. The reasons of this are the difficulty of grading, and packing, fresh keeping (preservative tion) are also cxpexivc, plus high transportation expenses. Take cut flowersfor an example, the orchid garden sells one blossom for 6 NT, plus 2 NTfor packing, 2 NT for transportation, plus 5 NT as profit, the retail pricethus becomes 15 NT, if add the retail profit, the market price could become as high as 25-30 NT for each blossom. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。