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題名 | 植物生長阻礙劑對Spanish 型落花生品種臺南11號營養生長及產量之影響 |
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作者 | 趙光裕; 劉大江; 林金和; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 155 1991.09[民80.09] |
頁次 | 頁64-73 |
分類號 | 434.255 |
關鍵詞 | 生長; 阻礙劑; 品種; 產量; 植物; 落花生; 臺南11號; 營養; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本項研究以落花生品種臺南11號為材料,在臺中縣大里鄉及雲林縣元長鄉進行試驗,於植株生育之R6期分別施以100、300與500ppm PP-333 及2,044與4,087ppm MHPS等植物生長阻礙劑處理,探討對落花生株高、產量及品質性狀的影響。試驗結果發現藥劑處理對植株株高、主莖節數與節間長度均無顯著作用,可能受生育後期環境因子及施用時期過的共同影響;在大里試區各藥劑處理可提高收穫期葉片葉綠素濃度,推測有利於生育後期光合能力的表現。大里試區300與500ppm及元長試區300ppm PP-333處理可使落花生聯果與子粒瀝量提高10-15%,每株粒數增多6-12%,平均百粒重最多可增加9%,與對照處理之差異雖均未達5%顯著水準,但仍顯示有改進子粒發育及充實的趨勢。大里試區特大粒子粒佔總粒數的百分比多介於30.7至39.5%之間,低於元長試區之55.8-60.9%,但兩試區特大及大粒數所佑比率之和相近,均為總粒數之95/5左右。在單一粒重方面,大里試區之特大子粒為0.64-0.87g,以2,044ppm MHPS具顯著提高效果;元長試區為0.79-0.85g,以300ppm PP-333及2,044ppm MHPS兩處理之粒重較高,唯差異並不顯著;除具有地區或差別外,資料同時顯示粒重可能因施用藥劑而增加。相關分析結果發現莢果及子粒產量與每株粒數、平均百粒重、特大粒粒數比率與單一粒重大及大粒子粒單粒重之間均呈顯著或極顯著的正相關,而平均百粒重主要由特大及大粒子粒之單一粒重決定,剝實率在本試驗中則未能顯示與其他主要產量性狀間的相關。試驗結果建議如欲施用PP-333及MHPS兩種植物生長阻礙劑以提高Spanish型落花生品種臺南11號的產量,應該首重對每株粒數及平均百粒重的作用,本試驗雖未能確定藥劑處理對產量的正面效應,但在兩個試駁都有每株子粒數提高的趨勢,在雲林元長試區也有增加百粒的趨向,值得再對品時重、期作(環境)、與施藥時期、濃度及用量等因子再加研究,以確定其利用價值。 |
英文摘要 | Plant growth retardants (PGR) PP-333 (paclobutrazol) and MHPS (maleic hydrozide potassium salt) were applied to Spanish-type peanut Tainan No. 11 cultivated at Tali, Taichung and Yuanchan, Yunlin. The PGRs were used at R6 stage peanut growth with three rates for PP-333 and two rates for MHPS. Characters related to vegetative growth and kernel yield and quality were investigated. Experimental results indicated that application of PGRs showed no significant effect on plant height, node number and internodes length, presumably the results of low temperature and solar reaiation during the later developmental period of peanut in the fall crop and late application of PGRs. The increase of chlorophyll concentration at harvest due to PGR treatments in Tali experiment implied possible enhancement of photosynthate production. The treatments of 300 and 500 ppm PP-333 at Tali and 300 ppm PP-333 at Yuanchan increased both pod and kernel yield by 10-15%, kernel number per plant by 6-12%, and 100-knernel-weight by as much as 9%. Although the differences were not significant at 5% level as compared to check pants, the results suggested improvement of kernel development and filling from PGR application. Analysis of correlation among various characters revealed that kernel yield was positively correlated with kernel number per plant, 100-kernel-weight, extra large kernel (ELK) percentage and single kernel weight of ELK and large kernel (LK), while shelling rate showed no positive effect on kernel yield in this experiment. These results suggested that increases of kernel number and mean kernel weight were essential for yield improvement of cv. Tainan No. 11 through application of PP-333 and MHPS. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。