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題名 | 西方二元世界之理解及其融通之道=On the Problem of the Western Dualistic Weltanschanung and its Solution |
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作者 | 鄔昆如; | 書刊名 | 國立臺灣大學哲學論評 |
卷期 | 13 1990.01[民79.01] |
頁次 | 頁1-23 |
專輯 | 當代西方哲學:理性與真理研討會專號 |
分類號 | 163 |
關鍵詞 | 西方哲學; 二元世界; 宇宙論; 人生; 人; 獨特性; 關係性; 世界; 在世存有; 形上學; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
英文摘要 | The dualistic Weltanschauung is the most influential philiosophical theory in the Western World. It was founded by both the Greek philosophers and the hebrew prophets. Christianity in the Middle Ages adopted and developed it to a great extent. Form Renaissance on the Rationalists, the Empiricists and the Reformers each pushed it further in their own ways. There are however, Western thinkers who found the dualistic perspective inadequate and tried to reach a higher standpoint, from which the two poles of the various forms of dualism can be united and harmonized. This article attempts to explicate and evaluate the above thinking process. It is divided into three parts. In the first part, the historical development of Dualism from the Pre-socratics, through Plato, Aristotle, Christianity and the modern world to the contemporary period will be discussed. In this discussion we can see the origin, the flourishing and the transformation of the dualistic theory. The second part focuses on the essential contents of the dualistic world view ranging from Cosmology to Anthropology. Linking soul to the ideal world, and body to the sensible world both the Greek philosophers and the Roman thinkers tried to reunify the dualistic world through the presence of human being. The Christian theologians went one step further and combined divine nature with human nature in God-man, Jesus Christ. The hellenic anthropocentrism, the Hebraic theocentrism and the Christian Christocentrism are exposed and clarified in the discussion. In the third part we turn our attention to the Contemporary Meaning of the dualistic view. It is affirmed that first, the right way of Philosophy is proceed from Cosmology to Anthropology, and not vice versa, secondly, Theocentrism and Anthropocentrism must co-exist and help each other in order to fulfill their final existential purpose; and thirdly, all the theoretical contrasts, oppositions and contradictions should be united and harmonized in a higher principle, as in Cusanus` Motto: Coincidentia Oppositorum. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。