頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 甘藷形態和生理性狀與塊根產量間之關係 |
---|---|
作者姓名(中文) | 李良; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 147 1989.09[民78.09] |
頁次 | 頁10-27 |
分類號 | 434.313 |
關鍵詞 | 甘藷; 生理; 形態; 性狀; 產量; 塊根; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究利用夏作及秋作在三個生育期中,所得之試驗資料,以供研究甘藷各重要的形態和生理性狀與塊根產量之關係,以及不同特性品種系植株乾物生產量,供源和積儲強度的差異。並利用路徑係數分析,探討,供源和積儲強度對塊根產量的直接及間接之相對重要性,藉此增進甘藷高產品種(系)選育工作之效率及供改進生產技術之參考。 夏作及秋作不同特性品系間之乾物生產量,供源和積儲強度,均有顯著之差異存在,兩期作間各項特性之變化,受栽培季節之氣象條件影響很大,一般高產品系,其供源和積儲間保持有較平衡生長的關係,故供源和積儲比值低,低產品系,因其供源和積儲間呈現不平衡之生長,故其供源和積儲比值高,此顯示維持供源和積儲間之平衡生長關係,是提高積儲強度的重要因素。 夏作及秋作在生育中期及後期,品系間甘藷塊根乾物重與淨同化速率,具有極密切的正相關,且其對塊根乾物種之直接影響為最大,故可知淨同化速率為影響塊根乾物重之重要因素,但因淨同化速率在取樣測定上較為困難,又因其受環境因子之影響相當大,故以淨同化速率作為選拔高產品系之指標,為較不易獲有良好的效果。 夏作及秋作,在三個生育期中,品系間甘藷積儲強度與塊根乾物重之間,均具有極高度之正相關,此顯示每株塊根個數和每個塊根乾物均重為甘藷塊根乾物量的重要構成因素,夏作因在生育後期,品系間每株塊根個數和每個塊根乾物均重為不顯著正相關,且兩者對塊根乾物重之直接影響均為較大,故具有相同之重要性,而秋作在生育中及後期,因品系間每株塊根個數和每個塊根乾物均重之相關,為極顯著之負值,而對塊根乾物重之直接影響效果,以每個塊根乾物均重為大,由此可知,適當的每株塊根個數和每個塊根乾物均重的組合;可獲有高的塊根產量,故以積儲強度作為選拔高產品系之指標,可期得有良好之效果。 夏作及秋作之品系間甘藷供源和積儲強度潛能與塊根乾物種,以及供源和積儲強度潛能等之間,均具有極顯著之正相關,但兩者對塊根乾物重之直接影響最大者,為積儲強度潛能。 |
英文摘要 | Data obtained from summer (wet) and fall (dry) crop seasons at three growth stages were used to study the difference of dry matte, production, source and sink strength in various entries, and the association of some morphological and physilogical traits with root dry yield in sweet potatoes. Path-coefficient analysis was used to establish the relative importance of source and sink strength in determining of root dry yield at different growing periods. Significant differences were observed for dry matter production, source strength and sink strength in various entries of sweet potato. Difference of associated traits between summer and fall crop seasons were attributed to the variations of climatic conditions. Generally, high-yielding entries had optimual balance between source and sink activities which resulted in lower source-sink ratio. However, low-yielding entries did not have suitable balance between source and sink which resulted in higher source-sink ratio. It seems to suggest that maintaining an optimum balance between source and sink during growing periods is an important factor in determining root yield. The correlation of entries plus error (inter-entry) between net assimilation rate (NAR) and root dry weight was positive and highly significant in the summer and fall crop seasons at 120 and 180 days after planting. Results also showed that NAR had highest direct positive influence on root dry yield, suggesting that NAR is a primary factor in determining root dry yield. However, the used of this parameter as a criterion for selection in a segregating populations is limited by much labor and time required in sampling. Furthermore, environmental fluctuation had a considerable effect on NAR. There were positive and highly significant inter-entry correlation between root dry weight and the number of roots per plant, and between mean dry weight per root in the summer and fall crop seasons for all sampling periods, that the number of roots per plant and mean dry weight per root are major components of root dry yield. The positive but nonsignificant inter-entry correlation and standard partial regression coefficient were found between the number of roots per plant and mean dry weight per root in the summer crop at the late growth stage. This indicated that the number of roots per plant and mean dry weight per root were equally important in determining root yield. The correlation between the number of roots per plant and mean dry weight per root was found to be negative and highly significant at middle and later growing stages of the fall crop. In addition, highly direct effect of mean root dry weight on root dry yield was also observed in the fall crop. It is therefore important to note that proper compensatory relationship between mean root dry weight and the number of root per plant might result in higher root yield. Based on the results observed, it seems to suggest that sink strength could be used as a criteria for selecting high yield cultivar in sweet potato. The potential of source and sink strength was highly and significantly correlated with root dry yield. The potential of source strength was also correlated with potential of sink strength. The path-coefficient analysis showed highest direct positive influence of potential sink strength on root dry yield. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。