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題名 | 臺灣嬰兒維生素K缺乏性出血症的流行疫學調查 |
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作 者 | 陳炯暉; | 書刊名 | 中華民國小兒科醫學會雜誌 |
卷期 | 29:6 民77.11-12 |
頁次 | 頁383-390 |
分類號 | 417.5012 |
關鍵詞 | 嬰兒; 維生素K缺乏性出血症; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 從民國71年至75年之5年間,在台灣區有1,809,130個新生兒出生。其中112個嬰兒發生遲發性維他命K缺乏性出血症。其發生率為每年每10萬人出生人口中有6.2例。男嬰比女嬰較多患本症(1.7比1)。112例中16例(14%)是由肝膽系統疾病,抗生素治療或慢性下痢症等引起的繼發性維他命K缺乏症,而其他96例(86%)是特發性缺乏症也。發症年齡爲2週至2個月最多,佔85%。母乳餵養者佔71.4%。台灣中部之本症發生率最高,北部最低。12月份較多發生病例。 112病例中在出生時接受維他命K注射者僅有8%。主要症狀是顱內出血65%,粘膜皮下出血26%,下血21%,黑便21%。死亡率為13.4%,留有腦神經彼道症者有33.0%。台灣中部較高發生本症之原因可能是母奶餵養率較高,出生時之維他命K注射之疏略及腸肝疾病之較多也。 |
英文摘要 | During the five-year period from 1982 to 1986, 112 infants with bleeding episodes due to late-onet vitamin K deficiency among 1,809,130 births were observed in Taiwan. The incidence was 6.2 per 100,000 birth population per year in average. The male was more predominantly affected than the female with a male to female ratio of 1.7 to 1. Of the 112 infants 16 infants (14%) were vitamin K deficient secondary to biliary tract disorders, long-term antibiotic therapy, or chronic diarrhea. The other 96 infants (86%) were idiopathic. 72% of the infants were breast fed and the age of onset of 85% of the infants ranged from 2 weeks to 2 months. The preualence was found to be highest in the central Taiwan with decreasing order in the southern and northern Taiwan. Only 8% of the infants received intramuscular vitamin K1 injection at birth, 42% did not receive any injection and no record of injection in the remaining 50%. In the idiopathic group, inctracranial hemorrhage was seen in 63 cases out of 96 cases (65%) with a mortality of 15% and neurological sequelae of 34%. The higher incidence of vitamin K deficiency in the middle part of Taiwan may due to more breast-fed infants or prevalent occult biliary tract infections in this area. |
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