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| 題 名 | 硝化綿系塗料之配方與環境相對溼度對塗膜內部應力的影響 |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 翁徐得; 王松永; | 書刊名 | 林產工業 |
| 卷 期 | 8:1 1989.03[民78.03] |
| 頁 次 | 頁15-25 |
| 分類號 | 465.6、465.6 |
| 關鍵詞 | 相對溼度; 配方; 硝化綿系; 塗料; 塗膜; 環境; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 本研究之主要目的在探討塗料配方、噴塗及使用環境相對濕度對硝化綿系塗料塗膜所發生內部應力之影響,以做為瞭解塗膜劣化原因。本實驗係採懸臂樑測定法(Cantilever beam method)進行內部應力大小的測定,而以不銹鋼片為被塗物,其結果顯示:(1) 對同一塗料固成分而四種不同溶劑配方的塗料而言,酯類溶劑比率若在32%以上,則其內部應力幾乎相等,如在90% RH下噴塗,三種酯類溶劑含量在32%以上的配方其塗膜乾燥內部應力均在27 MPa左右,反之若酯類含量在32%以下,稀釋甲苯含量且達65%,則溶解性不佳,使塗料內主要固成分之硝化綿不能均勻舒展,與醇酸樹脂、馬苓酸樹脂不能均勻相混合,而形成各自獨立的單元,內部應力產生時不能互相牽制抵消,故具有較大的內部應力值,約為34 MPa。(2) 就噴塗時三種環境相對濕度對所形成塗膜內部應力大小的比較,如配方D-C依序為28 MPa(90% RH)>20 MPa(63% RH)>18 MPa(80% RH),在高濕度的環境下噴塗,塗膜易發生白化,表面密佈小孔產生應力不均現象,且塗膜會變硬變脆;而在65% RH低濕度下,則由於溶劑揮發快,塗膜應力稍大。(3) 在塗料固成分的配方中,如添加馬苓酸樹脂則可使內部應力變小,此應由於塗膜微細構造上是以硝化綿為骨幹,而馬苓酸樹脂會沈積而填充於其間,馬苓酸樹脂的添加,具有牽制及緩衝的效果,因而使內部應力變小。(4) 環境相對濕度的變化,對塗膜內部應力的影響甚大,其內部應力會隨相對濕度的減低而成直線狀增加,即濕度愈高,內部應力愈小,濕度愈低,內部應力愈大,以其中之一種配方為例,相對濕度從72%降至52%,其內部應力升高27.03 MPa。 |
| 英文摘要 | The main purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of formulas, spray and being used circumstances relative humidity on the internal stress of nitrocellulose lacquer film, and further to understand the reason of film degradation. The Cantilever beam method was chosen to measure the internal stress. The substrate is stainless steel stripe. According to this study, it was founded: 1. For the four solvent formulation, if the ester content over 32%, the internal stress of the film were almost the same, it was about 27 MPa. But by formulation with the ester content under 32% and toluene content over 65%, the internal stress will be 34 MPa. It is because of poor solubility, that can't make the nitrocellose and rosin-modified maleic resin good soluble and mixed. The resins form separated microstructural element. It will reinforce the stress. 2. For formulation with the solvent/thinner ratio is 32:50, the magnitude of internal stress of film, sprayed under different circumstance RH is followed: 28 MPa (90% RH)>20 MPa(63% RH)>18 MPa(80% RH). When it was sprayed under 90% RH, it is apt to blush and form network voids on the surface. It causes the unbalance of stress and the film is harder and brittler. If it was sprayed under 63% RH, the solvent evaporates faster, thus making the internal stress stronger. 3. If the maleic resin was blended, it would reduce the internal stress. This may be due to film microstructure. The nitrocellulose forms like skeleton and the maleic resin is amorphously located between the skeleton. It damp the deform and stress of the film. 4. The change of the being use circumstance RH effects almost linearly the internal stress. For one of the formulation, the internal stress will increase 27.03 MPa, if the surrounding RH from 72% down to 52%. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。