頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 國立臺灣大學人工氣候室空調之設計 |
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作者 | 蔣明南; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 140 1987.12[民76.12] |
頁次 | 頁30-45 |
分類號 | 435.16 |
關鍵詞 | 人工; 空調; 氣候室; 設計; 臺大; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 自1969四月啟用迄今,國立臺灣大學人工氣候室已運轉十有八年,一直都很順利。本文敘述其①控制環境之條件(表1);②溫室冷氣負荷與暖氣負荷之估算(表2、3);③人工照明室(生長室)冷暖氣負荷之估算(表4、5);④空調設備之規格;⑤空調設備之配置(圖1、2、3)。 溫室共有六間。每間大5.5 × 4.8m,北高4.0m,南高2.0m,各裝有一套獨立的空調系統,內含二臺慢速開放式水冷壓縮機,一臺具有濾塵網、蒸發盤管及鼓風機的冷風機組,及一組風道電熱器。人工照明室共有四間,每間各大4.0 × 3.2m,地面至燈具室之間高2.6m,各裝有一套獨立而能力各異的空調系統。二間暗室各大4.0 × 3.2 × 2.6m,也各有個別的空調系統。 燈具室下設有水深1cm以上的玻璃水槽,以吸收燈具之紅外線;溫室屋面之上則以噴水構成水膜,吸收太陽之紅外線(圖1內之10),人工照明室之燈具室,由風管送入濾過的空氣散熱。空氣的加濕採用植物群上空壓縮空氣噴霧法,再用搖頭風扇把加濕的空氣吹入植物群中(圖1內之8)。空氣中之二氧化碳濃度用換氣法維持,溫室每小時換氣二次,可保淨光合成每月每公頃生產24.06噸鮮重;人工照明室每小時換氣三次,可保淨光合成每月每公頃生產鮮重19.57噸。風速在溫室內為每分7.5m,人工照明室內為7.97m min¯¹,稍嫌不足,故在植物群上空加設搖頭風扇,擾動植物群內之空氣,以促進二氧化碳與葉面之接觸。 國立臺灣大學人空氣候室於1963~1969間共花費十六萬八千五百美元,比國外同等者低廉很多,這是因為臺大同仁親自主持設計而不另計費所致。 |
英文摘要 | Having been operated satisfactorily for eighteen years since April, 1969, the phytotron of National Taiwan University is here described with the following events: 1) controlled environment conditions (table 1); 2) cooling and heating load estimates of the greenhouse (tables 2 & 3); 3) cooling and heating load estimates of artificially lighted rooms (tables 4 & 5); 4) specifications of the air-conditioning equipment; and 5) the lay-out of the air-conditioning equipment (figs. 1, 2, & 3). Each of the six greenhouses measures 5.5 × 4.8 m with the north wall 4.0 m -high and the south wall 2.0 m -high, and is equipped with an independent air-conditioner consisting of two slow-speed open-type water-cooled condensing units, one cooling unit of filter, cooling coil, and fan section, and one electric blast coil heater. Each of the four artificially lighted rooms is 4.0 × 3.2 × 2.6 m -high from floor to lamp house, and is equipped with an independent air-conditioner but of different capacity. The two dark rooms are 4.0 × 3.2 × 2.6 m and also have individual air-conditioning systems. Infrared radiation is removed from the lamp house by a water barrier of more than 1 cm deep, and from the sun radiation by a water film over the roof of the greenhouse (10 of fig. 1). The lamp house of the artificially lighted rooms is ventilated by filted air from a blower duct. Humidification is achieved by atomizers above the plant level (9 of fig. 1), and the humidified air is forced downwards by a swinging fan (8 of fig. 1) into the plant community. The carbon dioxide level is maintained by two air changes in the greenhouse to support a net photosynthesis of 24.06 tons of fresh weight production per hectare per month, and by three air changes in the artificially lighted rooms for 19.7 tons ha¯¹ month¯¹ of fresh weight production. The air flow rate is 7.50 m min¯¹ in the greenhouse, and 7.97 m min¯¹ in the artificially lighted rooms. Therefore, swining fans are placed above the plant level to create air turbulence to accelerate the contact of carbon dioxide to the leaves. The total cost of the NTU phytotron in 1963-1969 was US$168.500. That the University faculty took the main action in designing the phytotron without fees-charge lowered the cost. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。