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頁籤選單縮合
| 題 名 | Effects of Rice Hull, Lime, and Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Silica Content and Growth of Rice in a Strongly Acid Sand-shale Alluvial Soil=穀殼、石灰及氮肥對生長於強酸性砂頁岩沖積土稻株之矽酸含量及生長之影響 |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 謝慶芳; | 書刊名 | 臺中區農業改良場研究彙報 |
| 卷 期 | 7 1983.12[民72.12] |
| 頁 次 | 頁108-120 |
| 分類號 | 434.111 |
| 關鍵詞 | 生長; 石灰; 含量; 矽酸; 砂頁岩; 氮肥; 酸性; 穀殼; 稻株; 積土; |
| 語 文 | 英文(English) |
| 中文摘要 | 本試驗之目的在研究穀殼、石灰及氮肥對生長於強酸性砂頁岩沖積土 稻株之矽酸含量及生長之影響。試驗結果顯示強酸性砂頁岩沖積土土壤中水溶性 矽酸含量及交換性鹽基過低,是造成水稻在高氮肥情況下無法正常生長並容易倒 伏及罹患稻熱病之兩個主要因素。除了高氮肥對照區之水稻株高減少之外,一般 言之,增加氮肥用量則水稻之發育相對地增加,但稻株矽酸含量及強健性剛好相 反,隨著氮肥用量之增加而相對地減少或降低。石灰單獨處理可以促進水稻在高 氮肥情況下繼續正常生長並減少穗頸稻熱病之發生率,但由於稻株矽酸含量低, 本處理之水稻仍易倒伏。穀殼單獨施於土壤,使稻株之矽酸含量,抗穗頸稻熱病 力,抗倒伏性,及穗數顯著地提高,稻穀產量在三氮素級均有增加,但未達到顯 著標準。 在石灰、穀殼及三氮素級合併處理之稻葉矽酸含量分別較同氮素級之對照增 加一倍,而較同氮素級之單獨穀殼處理顯著地增高,可是水稻之發育僅在高氮素 級有顯著地增加,也就是說本處理高氮素級之株高、穗數、千粒重、抗穗頸稻熱 病力、抗倒伏性、及稻穀產量均較高氮素級對照區顯著增加,但如與高氮素級穀 殼單獨處理比較則只有株高、千粒重、抗穗頸稻熱病力及稻穀產量顯著增加。雖 然本處理中低、中氮素級之抗氮穗頸稻熱病力及抗倒伏性均顯著增加,但顯然由 於氮肥之供應不夠,以致稻株生長並未相對地增加,因此欲在此一強酸性砂頁岩 沖積土獲得抗病力強,不倒伏,發育最佳而產量最高之稻株,不但需要施用穀殼 及石灰以提高土壤中之矽酸及鹽基離子含量,更需要充分供應氮肥以應水稻增加 生長之需要。 |
| 英文摘要 | This experiment was conducted to study the effects of rice hull, dolomitic quicklime and nitrogen fertilizer on the silica content and the growth of rice in a strongly acid sand-shale alluvial soil. The results of this experiment suggested that low water soluble silica and exchangeable bases were the two main factors that limited the normal growth and caused the lodge and blast in rice plants at high level of nitrogen fertilizer in this strongly acid sand-shale alluvial soil. Generally speaking, increasing the rates of nitrogen fertilizer increased the grwoth, but decreased the silica content and the resistance of rice plants to blast and lodge except the high nitrogen control in which the geight of rice plant was decreased, possibly due to the nitrogen toxicity. Liming helped to reduce the blast and promote the continuous growth of rice plants at high nitrogen level, but the rice plants was still susceptible to lodge due to the low silica content. Soil treatment of rice humm alone significantly increased the silica contents in rice plants, neck blast and lodge resistance, and panicle number. The grain yields in the three nitrogen levels of the treatments were all increased but they were not statistically significant. The silica contents in the rice leaves in the three lime-rice hull treatments were respectively twice as much as those in the three checks, and were significantly higher than those in the three simple rice hull treatments at the same nitrogen level. However, the growth of rice plants was only increased at the highest nitrogen treatment in which the plant height, panicle number, 1000 grain weight, resistance to neck blast and lodge, and grain yield were all significantly increased as compared with the highest nitrogen check; and the plant height, neck blast resistance, 1000 grain weight, and grain yield were significantly increased as compared with the highest nitrogen rice hull treatment. Although the blast and lodge resistance in the low and medium nitrogen levels of the treatments were increased, the plant growth in the two treatments were not correxponding increased apparently due to the inadequate supply of nitrogen. Therefore for obtaining the best grown rice plants with high blast and lodge resistance to perform the highest grain yield in this strongly acid sand-shale alluvial soil, it is not only necessary to apply lime and rice hull to raise silica and basic ions in the soil, but also necessary to provide enough nitrogen fertilizer for the requirement of the increased growth of rice plants. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。