頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 醇-鹹溶液系統在油菜籽(Brassica napus)粕之硫代葡糖苷萃取的應用 |
---|---|
作 者 | 曾耀銘; 邱琪雯; | 書刊名 | 食品科學 |
卷 期 | 22:4 1995.08[民84.08] |
頁 次 | 頁375-386 |
分類號 | 446.17 |
關鍵詞 | 油菜籽; 硫代葡糖苷; 醇-鹹溶液系統; 萃取; Rapeseed; Glucosinolates; Alkanol-alkaline solvent system; Extraction; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 油菜籽粕蛋白質的利用,主要受限於硫代葡糖?的存在。本研究保利用一系列的醇─鹹溶液系統對高硫代葡糖?含量的中國大陸油菜籽 (寧育七號) 粕進行萃取移除。此溶液系統主要由氨氣或氫氧化鈉當作鹼類來源,而以溶久少部份水含量的甲醇或乙醇作為主要的醇類溶劑。在不同萃取條件下,移除效力的此較為:甲醇─氨溶液>甲醇─氫氧化鈉溶液>乙醇─氨溶液>乙醇─氫氧化鈉溶液。本實驗之硫代葡糖?栘除率高達九成,同時菜籽粕蛋白質的回收率亦有九戍。且隨著萃液體積的增加,醇─鹹溶液系統的萃取效力,會隨之上升。沖洗效果方面,菜籽粕經95% (v/v) 甲醇溶入 0.04% (w/w) 的氫氧化鈉溶液萃取後,再以100% (v/v) 或 95% (v/v) 的甲醇沖洗,可得到硫代葡糖?移除率高達 95%以上的油菜籽粕。對於全程的萃取效力,以硫代碳醯胺法 (Thiourea-UV assay) 來分析檢測硫代葡糖?的含量;同時,硫代葡糖?於萃取過程中的分佈趨勢,可以萃取前後溶液之電導度值來說明,其結果將可利用到產程擴大時的操作參數上。 |
英文摘要 | The utilization of rapeseed meal protein is mainly inhibited by the presence of glucosinolates. In this study, a carefully designed alkaline/alkanol/ water extraction solution system was tested on a high glucosinolates containing Chinese rapeseed (Nin-yu-7) meal. The solvent system contained ammonia or sodium hydroxide as alkaline, methanol or ethanol as alkanol, and a small amount of water. Under different extraction conditions, the efficiency of detoxification was: ammonia-MeOH>NaOH-MeOH>ammonia-EtOH>NaOH-EtOH; the efficiency achieved was about 90%, and the yield of mealprotein also was 90%. In addition, the efficiency of glucosinolates removal was increased by using a larger amount of extraction solvent; however, crude protein loss also increased accordingly. After meal extraction using 0.04% (w/w) NaOH in 95% (v/v) methanol solution, followed by 100% (v/v) or 95% (v/v) methanol wash, a meal with only 0.3 mg/g glucosinolates content was produced. The glucosinolates content of the meal was analyzed by Thiourea-UV assay. In the meantime, conducti- vities of extraction and extracted solutions were taken as process parameters to describe the fate of glucosinolates during the extraction process. The treated meal is a useful protein source for animal feed, and perhaps a potential protein source for human consumption. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。