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題名 | 九種抗生素飼料添加物在亞熱帶臺灣對肉雞育成之添加物效果及其在雞體內之殘 留= |
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作者 | 楊清白; |
期刊 | 中華農學會報 |
出版日期 | 19820600 |
卷期 | 118 1982.06[民71.06] |
頁次 | 頁72-82 |
分類號 | 437.71 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 肉雞; 抗生素飼料添加物; 育成; 亞熱帶; 添加物; 殘留; 臺灣; |
中文摘要 | 使用愛拔益加肉雞進行九種抗生素飼料添加物在肉雞育成之添加效果和殘留之試驗。供試抗生素飼料添加物計有chlortetracycline, oxytetracyoline, tylosin phosphate, erythromycin thiocyanate, oleandomycin, lincomycin, zinc bacitracin, bambermycins, virginiamycin。供試?隻由日齡起至三週齡時飼養於電熱調溫層疊式金屬網底育雛器,三週齡後移至無溫度調節,舖以木屑為褥墊的平飼雞舍,繼續飼養至九週齡。由五日齡開始給與抗生素飼料添加物,至八週齡時停止給與。在二週齡和八週齡時各稱重一次,並紀錄飼料消耗量。在停與抗生素時和停與抗生素一星期後,分別取樣測定血液、肝臟、心臟、砂囊和胸肌等五種可食組織器官中之抗生素殘留量。 兩種四環素類抗生素添加物,chlortetracycline和oxytetracyoline,對增重和飼料效率均無改善效果,甚至於有反作用。並且在連續飼予下在?體可食組織中有殘留。 三種macrolide抗生素添加物,erythromycin thiocyanate、oleandomycin和 tylosin phosphate,在成長前期erythromycin有顯著之改善效果,餘二種的添加效果雖不顯著,但也有改善趨勢。在成長後期之添加效果,除oleandomycin外則不理想。除tylosin phosphate 會殘留於肝臟之外,餘二種均不殘留於可食組織中。 三種飼糧專用抗生素添加物, zinc bacitracin、bambermycins和virginiamycin,在成長前期的添加效果均不佳,而 virginiamycin甚至於有嚴重之反作用。在成長後期,其添加效果雖不顯著,但有改善趨勢。這三種抗生素均不殘留於可食組織中。 Lincomycin的添加效果非常良好,在增重改善方面有接近顯著之效果,而在飼料效率改善方面則顯著有效。並且在連續飼予下也不殘留於任一供測可食組織中。 |
英文摘要 | Arbor Acres broiler chicks were used to assay the efficacies and residues of nine antibiotic feed additives, namely, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, tylocin phosphate, erythromycin thiocyanate, oleandomycin, lincomycin, zinc bacitracin, bambermycins (flavomycin), and virginiamycin. The birds were reared on the thermostatically controlled brooders with raised wire floor from day-old to 21 days old, then transferred to the uncontrolled floor pens with wood dusts as litter. The birds were fed on the rations supplemented with the antibiotic feed additive from 5 days old to 56 days old, and then the additive was withdrawn from the ration. Body weights and feed conversions were recorded at the ages of 2 and 8 weeks, respectively. At the ages of 8 and 9 weeks, four birds per lot were killed and the antibiotics residues in blood, liver, heart, gizzard, and breast muscle were assayed, respectively. Two tetracycline antibiotics, chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline, had no imporvement on weight gains and feed conversions, or even showed an adverse effect. There were residues in the edible tissues of chickens with the continuous feeding of these two antibiotics. There was significant improvement with erythromycin thiocyanate supplementation in the starting period of the experimental birds; the other two macrolide antibiotics, oleandomycin and tylosin phosphate, tended to improve the growth performances but not significant. The efficacies in the growing-finishing period were undesirable, with exception of oleandomycin supplementation. There were no residues in the edible tissues, other than tylosin phosphate in liver. The efficacies of the dietary antibiotics, zinc bacitracin, bambermycins, and virginiamycin, in the starting period of the experiment were not good, and virginiamycin showed severe depression on growth rate and feed conversion. Weight gain and feed conversion were slightly improved during the growing-finishing period, but not significant. The supplementation efficacy of lincomycin was very good. There were significant improvement in feed conversion and slightly improvement in weight gain. No residues were assayed in any edible tissues with continuous feeding of lincomycin. |
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