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題名 | 臺灣中部地區高粱黍蚜(Melanaphis Sacchari(Zehntner))生活史及高粱抗黍蚜檢定之研究= |
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作者 | 章加寶; |
期刊 | 臺灣省臺中區農業改良場研究彙報 |
出版日期 | 19820600 |
卷期 | 6 1982.06[民71.06] |
頁次 | 頁70-81 |
分類號 | 434.151 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 中部地區; 生活史; 高粱; 黍蚜; 臺灣; |
中文摘要 | 黍蚜(Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner)為高粱主要害蟲,繁殖力強,發育期 短,常於短期內,蔓延成災,尤以孕穗及抽穗期前後為害最為嚴重。黍蚜終年行 孤雌生殖,前後世代間常呈重疊現象。室內飼育結果,年可發生51∼61代,平 均56代,若蟲期4.3∼12.4天,成蟲期14∼37天,胎生數45∼89隻,若蟲期、 成蟲期及胎生數皆與溫度間呈負相關性。田間棲群調查結果,出現兩個高峰期, 第一個高峰期出現於四月上旬至四月下旬,第二個高峰期出現於9月下旬至10 中旬。而影響棲群之升降以溫度及雨量最為顯著。高粱抗黍蚜檢定方面,供試高 粱稔性恢復系統(R-line),8品系中抗,31品系中抗,其餘為感級品系。高粱雜 交組(Combination),3品系抗,13品系中抗,18品系中抗,其餘為感級品系。 |
英文摘要 | The sorghum aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner), is considered as one of the major pests of grain sorghum in central Taiwan. The sorghum aphid has vigorous fecundity and short development periods, and its adult continues to reproduce nymphs parthenogenetically throughout the entire year. The individuals of several generations live frequently together. The aphid develops 51 to 61 generations in a year, averaging 56 generations, under the screenhouse conditions. The life span of each generation is shorter in summer than in winter. All stages were much variable according to temperature, the nymphal stage required 4.3-12.4 days, the adult stage required 14-37 days. The number of progeny were 45-89. High population density usually occurs at the booting stage and the heading stage of host plant, that give reverse effects to grain sorghum quality and yield. It appeared to have two peaks in 1981. The first major peak appeared in early April to late April and the second major peak appeared in late September to mid-October. The population density is always variable according to temperature and rainfall. 51 grain sorghum lines in R-Line and Combination, respectively, were evaluated for resistance to the grain sorghum aphid in the screenhouse and field during 1981. According to the result of experiment. There were 8 strains belonged to moderately resistant, 31 strains belonged to moderately susceptible, the others belonged to susceptible in R-Line. There were 3 strains belonged to resistant, 13 strains belonged to moderately resistant, 18 strains belonged to moderately susceptible, and the others belonged to susceptible in Combination. Generally, the resistant varieties showed less damaged and less infected than the susceptible ones under comparable environmental conditions in the field. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。