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題名 | 自動錯覺情況下對從眾行為之探討= |
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作者 | 王琳; |
期刊 | 中原學報 |
出版日期 | 19821200 |
卷期 | 11 1982.12[民71.12] |
頁次 | 頁40-47 |
分類號 | 171.43 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 自動錯覺; 從眾行為; |
中文摘要 | 本研究為探討在自動錯覺(Autokinetic illusion)距離判斷中,是否受到他人 的影響,而對距離判斷改變的過程。實驗Ⅰ是為了解個體在多次實驗下,對自動錯覺距離判斷,是否具有穩定性。15位受試者,每人先分別接受五次的個別實驗,而在分析時,隨機的分為五組,每組三人,在此三人中,依各人在第一次實驗中對自動錯覺距離判斷的大小,分為判斷距離大、中、小三組,實驗結果顯示:經過五次實驗後,在第一次實驗中對距離判斷小的一組,仍然保持著判斷的一致性,而原來對距離判斷大的一組,卻有將距離判斷減小的傾向,因而與判斷距離小的一組,形成了判斷上的一致。 實驗Ⅱ是為了解在不同的判斷經驗下,個體與個體之間對自動錯覺距離判斷的差異,是有何不同。45名受試者,隨機的分為三組:有事前個別經驗組、無事前個別經驗組及控制組。(1)有事前個別經驗組:受試者先經過個別判斷後,隨機的分為五組,每組三人,此三人同時的接受三次團體實驗;然後,每一個人有接受一次個別的判斷。(2)無事前個別經驗組:受試者隨機的分為五組,每組三人,此三人先一起接受三次團體判斷後,每位受試者再分別接受一次個別實驗。(3)控制組:受試者分別接受四次個別判斷實驗。用差異指數來分析個體與個體間判斷差異的情形,實驗結果顯示:無論個體有無團體前的個別經驗,只有在團體經驗下,個體間每次判斷的差異會減小,而在無事前個別經驗下,個體與個體間每次會判斷的差異尤小。 實驗Ⅲ中進一步證實了團體對個體在判斷時的影響力。15名受試者隨機的分為五組,每組三人,此三人中的二人為假受試者(Confederate),一人為真受試者,在真受試者接受過一次個別判斷後,與假受試者一起接受三次的團體判斷,然後,真受試者再接受一次的個別判斷,實驗結果顯示:在最初真、假受試者距離判斷相差8公分的情況下,真受試者會因為團體的經驗,而將距離判斷數值變大,即與假受試者的判斷漸趨一致,由此證明了個體在對自動錯覺距離判斷過程中,受團體判斷經驗影響至巨。 |
英文摘要 | This study attempts to analyze the behavior mechanism of conforrnity behavior in the situation of autokinetic illusion. In Experiment 1, subjects were tested in individual situation for five times. The results showed after five times, Ss, who made a big judgement originally, tended to rnake the judgement small. In Experiment 2, 45 Ss were divided into 3 groups: group with prior individual judgement, group without prior individual judgement and control group. In the group with prior individual judgement, Ss were tested in group for three times, after the individual judgement. Then they were tested individually again. In the group without prior individual judgement, Ss were tested as above, except Ss were not tested in individual situation before group situations. ln control group, Ss were tested individually for four times. Conformity index were used to analyze the conformity behavior. The results suggested only in the group judgement, the distance between Ss would become small, especially in the group without prior individual judgement. Experiment 3 proved the importance of the group judgement, when forming conformity behvior. 15 subjects were divided into five groups, in each group, 2 persons were the confederates and the other was the true subject, after the subject tested individually the group of three made three times group judgements. The subject tended to conform to the confederates even they had 8 cm difference at original situation. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。