頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 甘藷簽與樹薯渣養牛之研究 |
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作 者 | 陳茂墻; 陳吉斌; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 107 1979.09[民68.09] |
頁 次 | 頁45-54 |
關鍵詞 | 甘藷簽; 養牛; 樹薯渣; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 台灣每年可生產甘藷180萬公噸與樹薯30萬公噸,可作為良好的碳水化合物飼料。本試驗乃測定甘藷簽與樹薯渣之營養價值,作為牛飼料的適當用量,及其經濟性。飼養試驗一以荷蘭公牛20頭,平均體重222.84公斤,分為五組飼與五種日??:(1)玉米--豆粉組;(2)1/2玉米--1/2甘藷簽--豆粉--尿素組;(3)甘藷簽--豆粉--尿素組;(4)1/2玉米--1/2甘藷簽--豆粉組;(5)甘藷簽--豆粉組。飼養試驗二以荷蘭公牛20頭,平均體重294.91公斤,分為五組飼與五種日?如飼養試驗一;但以樹薯渣取代甘藷簽。以上二試驗之牛隻各別飼養為期三個月,結束後分析增重率、飼料效率與飼養成本。代謝試驗一與三以荷蘭公牛四頭以返轉的方式:試驗一比較玉米日?與甘藷簽日?之營養分消化率:試驗三比較玉米日?與樹薯渣日?之營養分消化率。這二個試驗分別以甘藷簽與樹薯渣取代玉米55%。代謝試驗二以荷蘭公牛四頭,平均每牛每天飼與乾草1.5公斤,甘藷簽5.5公斤,進行消化測定。這些試驗所得之結果摘錄如下: 1. 甘藷簽之適口性很好,樹薯渣之適口性較差。 2. 玉米--豆粉組,1/2玉米--1/2甘藷簽--豆粉--尿素組,甘藷簽--豆粉--尿素組,1/2玉米--1/2甘藷簽--豆粉組,甘藷簽--豆粉組之增重率分別為0.802, 0.891, 0.851, 0.736, 0.698公斤;每公斤增重之飼料費分別為51.209, 44.94, 45.84, 57.28, 60.94元。以甘藷簽代替半量或全量之玉米,並以尿素補充蛋白質之效果最好。 3. 玉米--豆粉組,1/2玉米--1/2樹薯渣--豆粉--尿素組,樹薯渣--豆粉--尿素組,1/2玉米--1/2樹薯渣--豆粉組,樹薯渣--豆粉組之增重率分別為0.920, 0.773, 0.677, 0.923, 0.780公斤;每公斤增重之飼料費分別為48.02, 52.43, 54.56, 46.33, 53.07元。以樹薯渣取代玉米半量,並以豆粉補充蛋白質之效果最好。 4. 以甘藷簽取代玉米55%對日?各營養分之消化無影響,以乾物計算甘藷簽之TDN為79%。 5. 牛日?以乾草與甘藷簽作成,甘藷簽佔78%,乾草佔22%,則甘藷簽之TDN以乾物計算為74.75%。 6. 以樹薯渣取代玉米55%不影響日?各營養分之消化。樹薯渣所含之粗纖維很容易消化,其TDN與玉米相近。 |
英文摘要 | The annual yields of sweet potatoes and cassava are approximately 1.8 million tons and 0.3 million tons respectively in recent years in Taiwan, and they can be used as carbohydrate source for livestock. A series of experiments were conducted to determine (1) the feeding value of sweet potato chips and cassava pomace; (2) the optimal level of their usage; and (3) the economics for cattle feed. In feeding trial 1, 20 Holstein steers averaged 222.84 kg in body weight were divided into 5 groups and fed with the following 5 rations: (1) corn-soybean meal (SBM), (2) 1/2 corn-1/2 sweet potato chips (SPC)-SMB-urea. (3) SPC-SBM-urea, (4) 1/2 corn-1/2 SPC-SBM, (5) SPC-SBM. The trial 2 was started after completion of the first one. The steers averaged 294.91 kg in body weight was again grouped into 5 and fed with the same order as in the feeding trial 1, except that cassava pomace replaced sweet potato chips. Cattle in both experiments were fed individually for 3 months: at the end of each experiment the average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency and feed cost were calculated. In digestion trials 1, four Holstein steers were used in a reverse design to compare the nutrient digestibility between corn ration and SPC ration in which 55% corn was replaced by SPC. After completion of the trial, 4 steers were re-arranged according to body weight. An average of 1.5 kg pangola hay and 5.5 kg SPC were fed to each head daily to determine the digestibility of SPC. In the trial 3, SPC was replaced by cassava pomace to compare with corn ration (table 5). The results of these experiments were summarized as follows: 1. The palatability of sweet potato chips was better than that of cassava pomace. 2. The ADG were 0.802, 0.891, 0.851, 0.736, 0.698 kg respectively for the treatments of corn-SBM, 1/2corn-1/2SPC-SBM-urea, SPC-SBM-urea, 1/2 corn-1/2 SPC-SBM, SPC-SBM; and the feed cost per kg gain for the above treatments were 51.209, 44.94, 45.84, 57.28, 60.94 NT$ respectively. The treatments in which corn was partially or totally replaced by SPC and supplemented with urea were found most economical. 3. The ADG were 0.920, 0.773, 0.677, 0.923, 0.780 kg respectively for the treatments of corn-SBM, 1/2 corn-1/2 cassava pomace-SBM-urea, cassava pomace-SBM-urea, 1/2 corn-1/2 cassava pomace-SMB, cassava pomace-SBM; and the feed cost per kg gain for the above treatments were 48.02, 52.43, 54.56, 46.33, 53.07 NT$ respectively. The treatment in which cassava pomace replaced 50% of corn and supplemented with SBM was most economical. 4. Sweet potato chips replacing 55% of corn did not affect the nutrient digestibility of the ration. On dry matter basis, the TDN value of the sweet potato chips was 79%. 5. On dry matter basis, the TDN value of sweet potato chips in a ration composed of 78% SPC and 22% pangola hay, was 74.75%. 6. Cassava pomace replacing 55% of corn did not affect the nutrient digestibility of the ration. The crude fiber of cassava pomace was easily digested and its TDN value was close to that of corn at this level. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。