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題 名 | 水稻秧苗抗寒性之研究(2):抗寒機構之探討及藥劑處理效果 |
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作 者 | 張新雄; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 87 1974.09[民63.09] |
頁 次 | 頁37-49 |
關鍵詞 | 水稻; 抗寒性; 秧苗; 藥劑處理; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本報告選用抗寒力較強的臺中65號及抗寒力較弱的臺中在來1號為材料,由其組織細胞內化學成分含量之變化與抗寒性間之相關,探討水稻秧苗之抗寒機構。同時並利用生長抑制劑CCC處理水稻根部土壤,藉以探求該藥劑增進稻苗抗寒力之效果。 茲將試驗結果如下: (一)以TTC (Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride)測定其組織內去氫酵素(Dehydrogenase)之活性,發現其活性與抗寒性之大小,似有一定相關關係之存在。 (二)在4℃之低溫處理下,抗寒性表現較強之臺中65號,其ATP含量未見減少,而抗寒性表現較弱的臺中在來1號之ATP含量,則隨低溫處理之加長而有顯著之減少,顯示此項含量之高低似與粒線體在低溫環境之生理變化有密切關係。 (三)經秧苗體內各化學成分分析之結果,糖類與含氮物含量之變化,與秧苗抗寒力之大小,顯具有一定的關係。在4℃之低溫處理下,?型稻及秈型稻秧苗體內全糖、還原糖、非還原糖及水溶性蛋白質均行顯著增加,但臺中65號?型稻之增加幅度,顯然較臺中在來1號秈型稻尤為顯著。臺中65號之澱粉含量,則隨低溫處理期間之加長而減少,但臺中在來1號之澱粉含量則常保持不變。 (四)使用1,000~3,000 ppm濃度之CCC (Chlorocholine chloride)處理二葉或三葉齡期秧苗所培育之土壤,使其地下部吸收,均可增強水稻秧苗對2℃低溫之抵抗性,較不抗寒的臺中在來1號,其效果較臺中65號尤為顯著,但仍不能改變不同類型水稻間抗寒性之顯著差異。 (五)使用CCC處理三葉齡之秧苗,可增進其在2℃低溫處理下秧苗之全糖、還原糖及水溶性蛋白質的含量;較不抗寒的臺中在來1號,其增加之幅度較臺中65號為顯著。由以上事實推測CCC增加秧苗抗寒之作用,其效果可能係由糖類及水溶性蛋白質的累積而達成。 |
英文摘要 | The chilling-resistant variety Taichung 65 and the chilling-susceptible variety Taichung Native No. 1 were used in this experiment. The relationship of chemical constituents and chilling resistance in rice seedlings was studied to elucidate the mechanism of their chilling resistance. The use of growth retardant CCC by treating to the soil near the root of rice seedlings in order to explore the effect of increasing resistance to chilling, was also attempted. The following conclusions were drawn from the study: (1) The activity of dehydrogenase was tested by TTC (Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride) method and it was found that it was closely correlated with the chilling resistance. (2) At the 4℃ low temperature, the content of ATP was not decreased in the chilling-resistant variety Taichung 65, but it was significantly decreased in the chilling-susceptible variety Taichung Native No. 1. The ATP content was also found to be correlated with the chilling resistance. (3) Through the chemical analysis, it was found that there was a close relationship between the contents of sugars or proteins with the chilling resistance. At the 4℃ low temperature, the contents of total sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and water soluble proteins were siginficantly inceased. Their increases in contents were greater in the variety Taichung 65 than in the variety Taichung Native No. 1. However, the contents of starch of Taichung 65 was decreased at 4℃ low temperature. But such deccease was not found in the variety of Taichung Native No. 1 at the same temperature treatment. (4) CCC treatment with concentration from 1000 to 3000 ppm greatly enhanced the survival rate of rice seedlings of Taichung 65 and Taichung Native No. 1 under 2℃ low temperature for one week duration. The treatment is more effective with the variety Taichung Native No. 1 than with the variety Taichung 65. (5) CCC treatment with the concentrations from 1000 to 3000 ppm increased the contents of total sugars, reducing sugars and water soluble proteins in the rice seedlings at 3-leaf stage under 2℃ low temperature for one week. The rate of increase in their contents is higher in the chilling-susceptible variety Taichung Native No. 1 than in the chilling-resistant variety Taichung 65. The mechanism of chilling resistance might be due to its merit through the accumulation of sugars and water soluble proteins in the young seedlings. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。