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題名 | 感覺訊息的回饋對皮膚電流反應的抑制之影響=Effects of the Feedbackof Sensory Information on the Suppression of GSR Activity |
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作者 | 林清山; Lin, Chin-shan; |
期刊 | 中華心理學刊 |
出版日期 | 19741200 |
卷期 | 16 1974.12[民63.12] |
頁次 | 頁95-110 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 感覺訊息; 回饋; 皮膚; 電流反應; 抑制; 操作制約; 自主性高振幅皮膚電流反應; GSR Activity; |
中文摘要 | 本研究之目的在於探討是否可以利用操作制約的方法抑制自主性高振 幅皮膚電流反應(GSR)。參加本實驗的64名受試者係利用蕭氏訂正個人事實表格 (第二種)自250名大學生中挑選而來。該情緒測驗分數最高的32名受試者為低穩定 組,最低的32名是為高穩定組。這兩組的受試者各以隨機分派的方法分派到雙重 回饋組、單一回饋組、隨機回饋組、或零回饋組去接受不同的實驗處理。實驗者 先以強烈的刺激引發受試者的高振幅GSR,並要求受試者以該組的感覺回饋為線 索,設法降低自己的GSR振幅。雙重回饋組的受試者一方面可以自閉路電視看到 自己的GSR活動實況轉播,一方面如果高振幅GSR未能降低到一定高度之下,便 會聽到小笛聲(厭惡刺激)。他必須控制自己,使GSR降低,小笛聲方能撤離。單 一回饋組不能看到電視的GSR記錄,但如果其高振幅GSR未能降低下來,小笛聲 便繼續出現。隨機回饋組也只有小笛聲的回饋來源,惟其出現採隨機的方式,故 不一定與高振幅GSR同時出現。零回饋組的受試者在高振幅GSR被引發之後,既 無小笛聲也無電視的GSR記錄作為回饋來源。 實驗的結果顯示,(1)低穩定組的GSR降低時間並不顯然長於高穩定組;二組的平 均振幅改變量地無顯著的差異,故無法支持GSR抑制行為與情緒穩定性之間有密 切關係存在的說法。(2)雙重回饋組的GSR降低時間並不顯然短於單一回饋組的 GSR降低時間,故訊息回饋來源愈多,GSR下降時間愈短的假設不能得到支持。 (3)正確同饋組(雙軍回饋和單一回饋)的降低時間顯然短於錯誤回饋組(隨機回饋) 的降低時間。在由於正確回饋組與零回饋組(控制組)的降低時間並無顯著差異存 在,故並不顯示正確回饋組可以利用感覺回饋抑制其高振幅GSR。本研究這些結 果不足以支持吾人可以利用操作制約的方法有效抑制自主性GSR活動之說法。 |
英文摘要 | This study was an attempt to determine whether or not the elicited GSR can be sup pressed, using Skinnerian operant conditioning techniques. Sixty-four subjects were se lected from 250 college-age students and were divided into Low Stability Group and Higl Stability Group, by means of an emotional stability test. Subjects in both groups were fur ther randomly assigned to four experimental conditions: Double Feedback, Single Feed back, Random Feedback, and Zero Feedback, and were asked to intentionally suppress their GSR amplitudes which were elicited by aversive stimuli. The Double Feedback sub jects were provided with visual feedback of their own GSR records through closure-circuit TV and at the same time received a continuous auditory feedback, a bell sound, when the elicited GSRs were not sufficiently suppressed to a predetermined level. The Single Feed back subjects received only auditory feedback when the high amplitude GSRs appeared. If the GSR declined, it was reinforced by the withdrawal of the bell sound. The Random Feedback subjects also received auditory feedback, but it was presented noncontingently with high amplitude GSRs. The Zero Feedback subjects received neither visual feedback nor auditory feedback when their high amplitude GSRs were elicited. The results of this study indicated: (t) that the declining time of the Low Stability Group was not significantly longer than that of the High Stability Group and the mean amplitude change of the Low Sta bility Group was not significantly different from that of the High Stability Group. (2) thatthe declining time of the Double Feedback Group was not significantly shorter than that ofthe Single Feedback Group, and (3) that the declining time of the Wrong Feedback Group(Random) was significantly longer than that of the Correct Feedback Group (Double andSingle combined). However, since the declining time of the Correct Feedback Group wasnot significantly different from that of the Zero Feedback Group, the control group of thisstudy, these results do not support the hypothesis that the "autonomic" GSRs can be operantly suppressed. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。