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題 名 | 臺灣第一期作水稻寒冷地區育苗方法之研究 |
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作 者 | 李祿豐; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 82 1973.06[民62.06] |
頁 次 | 頁42-49 |
關鍵詞 | 方法; 水稻; 育苗; 第一期作; 寒冷地區; 臺灣; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | (一)本省北部地區水稻第一期作播種育苗期間1~2月間之氣溫甚低,因此木箱育苗,使用機械插秧之秧苗,播種發芽初期,必須作保溫處理,才能使秧苗生育齊一,育苗日數縮短。其加溫方法以日夜24小時保溫32℃最理想。其次為夜間加溫之處理。 (二)育苗室加溫方法,以熱蒸氣進入育苗室,每隔1~2小時加熱一次,可維持發芽所需之溫度。加熱時以蒸氣壓力達35磅時較安全。如室外溫度在10℃左右,育苗室加熱後一小時內,可上升至32℃。 (三)苗箱播種,日夜加溫32℃(發芽期)之處理,播種後發芽快速而整齊,至插秧適期,苗高,葉數,葉身長,100支苗生體重,均比無加溫區優異。正常情形下,可在播種後15天內插秧(一期作)。 (四)育苗室加溫別與秧苗病害觀察結果,秧苗期病害與土壤成分及培養土壤是否有病原菌有密切關係。如土壤中混合藥劑,再使用保溫設備,其病害之發生可被抑制。本試驗加溫處理之秧苗及土壤中混合藥劑之苗箱,發生立枯病率比對照區少,僅8.24%,對照區則達79.19%。 (五)本試驗結果,可供今後育苗時推廣應用之方法為: 1. 木箱播種後必須施用殺菌劑,以預防秧苗病害之發生,才能育成健苗。目前已證實之有效藥劑,以Tachigaren(立枯靈)500倍液較理想。 2. 播種後之苗箱,應作保溫處理(北部地區),方能在短期間內培育正常秧苗,供應機械插秧之用。 3. 木箱保溫處理,以水蒸氣進入育苗室,可在1小時內溫度由10℃上升至32℃,同時保持二天不變,則可幫助稻種之順利發芽伸長。 |
英文摘要 | The temperature of northern Taiwan in January and February is rather low for rice seedlings to give normal growth. Therefore, nursing rice seedlings for the first cropping season of that area need heating to prevent from coldness. Heating was highly recommended especially to those which were grown in flats and transplanted by machinery. This experiment aims at the determination of optimum greenhouse temperature and the control of diseases for health seedlings. A water boiler was used to heat the greenhouse. Steam was used once in every 1-2 hours. It was able to bring the temperature from 10 up to 32℃ within an hour under 35 pounds pressure. Seedlings performed much better at 32℃, 24-hours a day than those of unheated control in germination rate, plant height and weight, number of leaves and leaf width. They can be transplanted to the paddy on the 15th day after seeding. Fungicide Tachigaren (1/500 water solution) was mixed with the soil to control seedling blight. The diseased plants were only 8.24% from the treated plots contrasted with 79.19% of the untreated. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。