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| 題 名 | 菸葉化學成分間之各種相關及遺傳力之研究 |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 賴定吉; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
| 卷 期 | 83 1973.09[民62.09] |
| 頁 次 | 頁28-35 |
| 關鍵詞 | 化學成分; 菸葉; 遺傳力; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 本研究之目的在探討菸葉內容各種化學成分間之遺傳,環境及表型相關,並估算其遺傳力,藉以明瞭各種化學性狀間之相關程度及遺傳成分所占之相對重要性,作為菸草遺傳、育種及菸葉品質改良之方針。 研究材料為菸草品種Virginia Gold, Vam-Hicks及其雜交後裔所選之固定品系等共計16種。研究之重要化學性狀為尼古丁、揮發性鹽基、全氮、還原糖、石油醚浸出物及粗灰分計6種。以逢機區集設計,重複6次,單行區,每試區27株。每試區烤製後之煙葉,依各部位數量,按比例逢機取樣,分析其主要之6種化學成分及菸葉產量,再估算各種相關係數及遺傳力。 由表5相關係數估計結果,證明菸葉內容各種化學成分間及其與菸葉產量間均有顯著之相關存在,且遺傳相關遠較環境相關為大。其中尼古丁、揮發性鹽基及全氮互相間有極大之正相關;此三種化學成分與石油醚浸出物及粗灰分為顯著之正相關,而與還原糖及菸葉產量均為負相關。故以本省所生產之菸葉言之,以減低菸葉尼古丁含量,各種含氮化學物及粗灰分含量亦隨之相對減低,而還原糖及菸葉產量均可相對提高,對菸葉質量均屬有利。但其中與菸葉香味有關之石油醚浸出物與各含氮化學物含量均為正相關,其增減趨勢一致;故在育種上欲減低尼古丁含量,而又能提高或保持原有石油醚浸出物含量,是一件艱難的工作。 各性狀遺傳力估算結果,以尼古丁之遺傳力79.34為最高,其次為菸葉產量68.72,其中揮發性鹽基、全氮及粗灰分之遺傳力亦相當高,其估計均在50~60之間,而遺傳力較低之2性狀為石油醚浸出物及還原糖,分別為33.93及31.77。 |
| 英文摘要 | The purposes of this study are to make sure of the correlation between several chemical constituents and the relative importance of the genetic components, which are interesting for tobacco breeder. The genetic materials of this study were two flue-cured tobacco varieties, Virginia Gold, Vam-Hicks as parents, and 14 strains of their progenies. A randomized complete block design was used with 6 replications. Each block consisted of 16 single row plots, 27 plants wree planted in each plot. The yield of cured leaf per plot was recorded and samples were collected randomizedly for chemical analysis. Six important chemical constituents, nicotine, total volatile bases, petroleum ether extact, total nitrogen, reducing sugars and crude ash were investigated. The three kinds of correlation coefficients were calculated by variance and covariance analysis from 21 possible combinations between the six chemical constituents and yield of cured leaf. In general, the genotypic correlation coefficientes were higher than the environmental. The correlation coefficients between seven characters were sighificant. Highly positive correlation coefficients were found between nicotine, total volatile bases and total nitrogen, these three constituents also highly and positively correlated with petroleum ether extract and crude ash, but highly and negatively correlated with reducing sugars and yield of cured leaf. According to the genetic correlation coefficients, any attempt to reduce the nicotine content of tobacco the total volatile bases, total nitrogen and crude ash would be decreasesd simultaneously, probably reducing sugars and yield of cured leaf would be increased. Selection, therefore, for strains with low nicotine content might be good for yield and quality, but not beneficial for tobacco aroma, because the petroleum ether extract would be decreased. The heritability of nicotine was 79.34%, the highest, followed by yield 68.72%, petroleum ether extract 33.93%, reducing sugars 31.77%, the other three chemical constituents ranged from 50 to 60%. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。